ABSTRACT
To isolate the etiological agent of diarrheal outbreak, identification, antibiogram of isolated bacteria. Stool samples from patients and water samples from reservoir of water collected in transport media. Culture and sensitivity test were performed in Microbiology Laboratory of Bolan Medical Complex Hospital Quetta. The isolated strain was confirmed by National Institute of Health Laboratory Islamabad and Agha Khan University hospital laboratory Karachi. The outbreak was controlled by preventive measures. More than five thousand people affected in the outbreak, including all age and both sexes. Twenty three deaths [0.4%] occurred in this outbreak. The stool samples from patients and from 5 water reservoir tanks collected for analysis of etiological agent responsible for the outbreak. The stool and water samples revealed isolation of Vibrio cholerae Inaba, El Tor, which was sensitive to Ampicillin, Ciprofloxacin, Tetracycline, Doxycyline and intermediate to Choloramphenicol and Erythromycin. Resistant to Nalidixic Acid Polymaxin B, and Co-trimaxazole. The Vibrio cholerae Inaba, El Tor was the causative agent of this outbreak and the first outbreak which occurred in Balochistan due to Vibrio cholerae Inaba, El Tor
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , /drug effects , Disease Outbreaks , PrevalenceABSTRACT
To isolate the etiological agent of severe diarrheal outbreak, identification, antibiogram of isolated agent and preventive measures to control the spread of infection. Samples of stool and drinking water supply of affected area collected in Cary- Blair transport medium, inoculated on various media. The isolated strains were identified as responsible for diarrheal outbreak tested against antibiotics. The strain and antibiogram was further confirmed by Agha Khan University Hospital Laboratory in Karachi. Bolan Medical College Hospital, Quetta. Isolation of Vibrio cholerae O1, Ogawa, El Tor, antibiogram against isolated strain, and control of spread of infection. The etiological agent responsible for severe diarrheal disease outbreak was Vibrio cholerae O1, Ogawa El Tor. in which 148 persons affected including all ages and both sexes. Four deaths [2.7%] reported out of these affected patients. The isolated strain was same in all patients and water source. Susceptibility to antimicrobial drugs was determined showing sensitivity to Ampicillin, Choloramphenicol, Ofloxacin, Tetracycline, Nalidixic Acid , Gentamycin and resistance to Polymaxin B, and Cotrimaxazole. The drinking source of water was a shallow well which was sealed and alternative arrangements of drinking water were made from another source. Vibrio cholerae O1, Ogawa El Tor, strains were isolated as etiological agent for severe diarrheal disease outbreak, which was spread through drinking water. The source of drinking water was contaminated due to rain in this area. The isolated strain was most common pathogen in this area for severe diarrheal disease outbreaks, and mostly it spreads through contamination of water source. The strategy applied for prevention of disease was successful and no further case was reported
ABSTRACT
To see the serotyping and antibiotic sensitivity by MIC of Pseudomonas Aeruginosa strains Design: The serotyping was done by agglutination method and MIC was determined by microdilution method, according to NCCLS guidelines. MIC of Amikacin, Aztreonam, Ceftazidime, Cefotaxime, Gentamicin, Imipenem, Ofloxacin and Piperacillin was determined. The ATCC strains of Pseudomonas Aeruginosa No. 27857 was used as quality control. Setting: Patients were admitted in Kumamoto University Hospital, Japan. Prospective study involving 78 strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolated from patients admitted in different wards. Main Outcome Measures: Serotyping and MIC of isolated Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains against 8 antibiotic drugs of different groups. The serotypes of isolated strains were B 18 [23.07%], I 16 [20.51%], Non 14 [17.94%], G 11 [14.10%] E 9 [11.53%], A 3 [3.84%], C 3 [3.84%], D 3 [3.84%] and F 1 [1.28%]. Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains were isolated from all types of specimens, but majority was from infected wounds [Pus] and urine. Susceptibility to Amikacin was 89.75% while Aztreonam and Imipenem was 88.47%. The isolates were moderately susceptible to Ceftazidime [85.90%], Piperacillin [84.47%] and Gentamicin [83.34%], while they were resistant to Ofloxacin in 26.92% and Cefotaxime in 37.17% cases. Serotyping is a useful indicator for the phenotypic characterization of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Pseudomonas aeruginosa is highly susceptible to Amikacin while resistant Ofloxacin and Cefotaxime Serotype B was noted as common in urine specimen showing multi-resistance to antimicrobial drugs