To compare lipid changes in glycemic controlled type 2 [NIDDM] and glycemic uncontroled type 2 [NIDDM] patients

Today diabetes is a global problem. Insulin play an inportant role in the lipid and lipoprotein metabolism. Glycemic control improves and may even normalize triglyceride and HDL cholesterol level in diabetic petients, therefore one could speculate the improvement of glycemic control beneficidly influence LDL phenolype. The degree of hyperglycemia was assesed by means of measmement of fasting blood glucose and glycosylated heamoglobin [Haemoglobin A[1c]. To compare the lipid profile in good glycemic controlled NIDDM type 2 with glycemic uncontrolled NIDDM type 2 and matched controls. Comparative study. This study was conducted at BMSI, JPMC, Karachi from June 2007 to December 2007. Total 120 subject of either sex, age were included with set criteria in study and were distributed in to three groups. Group A controls, Group B glycemic controlled type 2 NIDDM using oral hypoglycemic drugs regularly - Group C glycemic uncontrolled type 2 NIDDM using oral hypoglycemic drugs regularly. Lipid, lipoprotein and fasting serum sugar and HbA[1c] were analyzed. Highly significantly increase in total cholestrol, triglycerides and LDL cholestrol, while significantly decrease in HDL cholestrol in glycemic uncontrolled type 2 NIDDM . Fasting serum glucose level and HbA[1c] are useful diagnostic index for glycemic controlled and uncontrolled type 2 NIDDM - patient with glycemic uncontrolled type 2 NIDDM have greater disbances in lipid and lypoprotein metabolism which leads to atherosclerosis which futher results in coronary, cerebral and peripheral vascular occlusion

Evaluation of lipid profile in leprosy patients

Leprosy is a chronic infectious disease that, inspite of its ancient origin, still affects thousands of people throughout the world. It is caused by Mycobacterium leprae, which mainly affects the skin and peripheral nerves, leading to sensory loss in the skin, muscle weakness and often permanent disabilities of hands and feet. Leprosy is now known to be neither sexually transmitted nor highly infectious after treatment. Approximately 95% of people are naturally immune and sufferers are no longer infectious after as little as 2 weeks of treatment It is completely curable by using multi drug therapy. Mycobacterium leprae was discovered in 1873, by G. H. Armauer Hansen in Norway, therefore leprosy is referred as Hansen's disease. It is a mutilating, debilitating, devastating and deforming disease. To evaluate the lipid profile in leprosy cases and compare them with healthy control subjects. Case Control Study. Present study was carried out in the Department of Biochemistry, Basic Medical Sciences Institute, Jinnah Post Graduate Medical Centre, Karachi, in collaboration with Marrie Adelaide Leprosy Centre [National Training Institute of Leprosy Control Programme], Karachi from June 2009 to May 2011. A total of 60 newly diagnosed leprosy patients of both sexes and all ages were included in this study, among them 44 males and 16 females, aged 13 to 70 years [mean 37.8 +/- 1.71 years]. The diagnosis were on clinical ground and bacterial examination by slit skin smear test and 30 age, sex matched healthy control subjects were taken from general population for comparison. Informed consent was taken from each patient and control subject for this study. All the lipid fractions except HDL cholesterol were decreased significantly high [p<0.01] where as HDL Cholesterol was increased significantly [p<0.05] in leprosy patients when compared with control group. In present study total cholesterol was 127.1 +/- 1.46 mg%, Triglyceride 111.7 +/- 1.68 mg%, HDL Cholesterol 45.4 +/- 0.89 mg% and LDL Cholesterol 80.2 +/- 1.72 mg% in leprosy subjects. It is concluded that, all the lipid fractions except HDL cholesterol were decreased significantly high, where as HDL Cholesterol was increased significantly in leprosy patients when compared with control group, which are in favour of lepers