ABSTRACT
Investigations were conducted for serological evidence of hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis D virus (HDV) infections in children suffering from acute viral hepatitis. A total of 52 serum samples were analysed by enzyme immunoassay. Of these, 18 (24%) were positive for hepatitis B virus markers and 34 (65.4%) were negative. Delta virus infection was detected in 6/18 (33%) hepatitis B patients. A significant finding was, that of the 34 patients negative for hepatitis B, 4 (12%) were positive only for HDV although the latter can only occur as a coexistent infection with hepatitis B virus. From the present study it may be inferred that delta virus infection is prevalent in children and absence of HBV markers does not rule out hepatitis D.
Subject(s)
Adolescent , Child , Child, Preschool , Female , Hepatitis D/epidemiology , Hepatitis, Viral, Human/epidemiology , Humans , Immunoenzyme Techniques , India/epidemiology , Infant , Male , Prevalence , Seroepidemiologic StudiesABSTRACT
172 sera were tested for serological markers of hepatitis A, hepatitis B, hepatitis C and hepatitis D to define the aetiology of acute viral hepatitis by Enzyme immunoassays. The viral aetiology could be decided in 60.5% (104/ 172) of patients. Hepatitis B infection was present in 34.9%, hepatitis A in 10.5%, hepatitis C in 9.3% and hepatitis D in 5.8% of cases. Delta hepatitis associated with HBsAg positive hepatitis was detected in 10% (6/60) of the patients. The aetiology remained undecided in 39.5% of patients.
Subject(s)
Acute Disease , Hepatitis, Viral, Human/diagnosis , Humans , India/epidemiology , Prevalence , Serologic TestsSubject(s)
Adult , Hepacivirus/immunology , Hepatitis C Antibodies/blood , Humans , Immunoenzyme TechniquesABSTRACT
A total of 447 Shigella strains were isolated from stool samples during 1989-1991. Of these 270 (60%) were from children. Among the different species and serotypes Sh. flexneri 60 (13.4%) and Sh. sonnei Phage 139 (65%) were the most frequently isolated strains. 154 (34.4%) strains were resistant to three and 179 (40%) to more than three antibiotics. Some strains of Shigella were found to be resistant to furazolidine and neomycin.
Subject(s)
Adult , Child , Drug Resistance, Microbial , Dysentery, Bacillary/epidemiology , Feces/microbiology , Humans , India/epidemiology , Shigella/classification , Shigella flexneri/isolation & purification , Shigella sonnei/isolation & purificationABSTRACT
10,468 CSF samples from cases of meningitis in different age groups were cultured during 1988-1991. Acinetobacter calcoaceticus was isolated in 12 (5.6%) of 211 positive cultures. The strain were 100% resistant to ampicillin, cotrimoxazole and tetracycline 50% resistant to cephazolin gentamicin and kanamycin but 100% susceptible to chloramphenicol.