IL-1beta-Mediated Cyclooxygenase-2 Expression through Activation of PKC-MEK / ERK in Human Airway Epithelial Cells / 대한이비인후과학회지

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) plays an important role in the biosynthesis of prostaglandin, which is an important inflammatory mediator in human airway inflammatory disease. We observed that interleukin-1beta(IL-1beta) induces COX-2 gene expression and protein production in NCI-H292 cells in the previous experiment and designed this study to investigate the signal transduction pathway of the IL-1beta-mediated COX-2 expression in human airway epithelial cells. MATERIALS AND METHOD: In the cultured human airway NCI-H292 epithelial cells, the IL-1beta-mediated COX-2 gene and protein expression were analyzed by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and Western blot. To identify the signal transduction pathway of the IL-1beta-mediated COX-2 expression, we used specific inhibitors. RESULTS: PD98059, MEK/ERK inhibitor suppressed IL-1beta-mediated COX-2 gene and protein expression, but SB203580, p38 inhibitor did not suppress it. Ro31-8220, PKC inhibitor attenuated IL-1beta-mediated COX-2 gene and protein expression. Ro31-8220 suppressed ERK phosphorylation, but did not inhibit phosphorylation of p38 and JNK. PKC were involved at upstream of ERK in the IL-1beta-mediated COX-2 expression. PI3K inhibitor, LY294002 and tyrosine kinase inhibitor, genistein did not suppress COX-2 expression. CONCLUSION: IL-1beta-induced COX-2 gene and protein expression is up-regulated through activation of PKC-MEK/ERK cascade in human airway NCI-H292 epithelial cells.

IL-1beta Mediated COX-2 Expression in Human Airway Epithelial Cells / 대한이비인후과학회지

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Prostaglandin is one of the important inflammatory mediator in inflammatory diseases. Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) plays a key role in biosynthesis of prostaglandins. In this study, we aimed to investigate COX-2 expression and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) production by interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta) in cultured human airway epithelial cells. MATERIALS AND METHOD: COX-2 gene expression, and COX-2 protein, PGE2 production by IL-1beta were analyzed by RT-PCR, Western blot, and enzymeimmunoassay (EIA) in cultured human airway NCI-H292 epithelial cells. RESULTS: The COX-2 protein production was increased when the cells were exposed to IL-1beta in a dose dependent manner. The maximum level of COX-2 protein was detected at 20 ng/ml of IL-1beta. After 4 hours, the production of COX-2 protein was detected by IL-1beta(20 ng/ml) and this was held up to 12 hour. The maximum level of COX-2 protein production reached at 8 hour of exposure to IL-1beta and this was held up to 12 hour. The release of PGE2 occurred in the same pattern as the IL-1beta-mediated COX-2 protein production. The COX-2 gene expression was induced by IL-1beta (20 ng/ml). The IL-1beta-mediated COX-2 expression was suppressed by actinomycin D, but was not affected by cycloheximide. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that the IL-1beta-mediated COX-2 expression and the PGE2 production were increased in dose and time dependent manner and regulated in the transcriptional step.

Treatment Outcomes of Septoplasty with Turbinate Surgery in Septal Deviation with Chronic Hypertrophic Rhinitis / 영남의대학술지

BACKGROUND: Septoplasty with turbinate surgery is common surgical treatment in patients with septal deviation and chronic hypertrophic rhinitis. The aim of this study was to evaluation objective outcomes of septoplasty with turbinate surgery by analysis of subjective symptom score with objective acoustic rhinometric test before and after surgery, prospectively. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We reviewed 45 adult patients which were done septoplasty with bilateral turbinectomy or turbinoplasty and followed up at least 3 months by one rhinologist from November 1999 to April 2000, prospectively. We analyzed subjective symptom score, minimal cross-sectional area (MCA), C-notch cross-sectional area, and total volume of both nasal cavity before and after surgery. Correlation test was studied between symptom improvement and acoustic rhinometric results. RESULTS: Twenty nine cases were male and sixteen cases female. The average age was 26.9 year-old (range: 17 to 57 years). There was significantly improvement of symptom score in postoperative 3 months (p<0.05). There was significantly increased C-notch cross-sectional area and total volume in postoperative 3 months. Symptoms improvement were associated with acoustic rhinometric profiles, but, there was not significantly correlation. CONCLUSION: Septoplasty with turbinate surgery is considered to be effective for nasal obstruction in patients with septal deviation and turbinate hypertrophy. Acoustic rhinometric test is favorable objective test for evaluation of symptom improvement after septal surgery.

Long-Term Outcomes of Transnasal Endoscopic and Extranasal Management in Inverted Papilloma of Nasal Cavity and Paranasal Sinuses / 대한이비인후과학회지

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:Extranasal approach has been emphasized treatment of choice in inverted papilloma of nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses until several years ago. However, nowadays conservative transnasal endoscopic surgery is done in properly selected cases of inverted papilloma. The aim of this study was to compare the long-term outcomes of transnasal endoscopic and extranasal surgical management of inverted papilloma. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Among 33 patients who were pathologically diagnosed as inverted papilloma from January 1990 to August 1997, we reviewed the medical records and CT scans of 25 patients who underwent surgical treatment and were available for the follow up at least more than 2 years, retrospectively. RESULTS: Thirteen patients were treated via transnasal endoscopic approach and twelve patients by extranasal approach. According to Skolnik(1966)'s stage classification, 20 patients showed stage T3. Eleven patients of them were treated via transnasal endoscopically and 9 patients extranasally. Four minor postoperative complications, such as epiphora, septal perforation, vestibular pain and facial parasthesia, were noted in extranasal approach group. One case(7.7%) recurred in conservative transnasal endoscopic surgery group during mean 38 months follow up period. However, no recurrence was found in extranasal approach group during mean 60 months follow up period. CONCLUSION: If endoscopic surgery is performed by experienced surgeons in adequately selected patients, conservative transnasal endoscopic surgery can be considered as an alternative surgical modality in inverted papilloma of nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses.