Massive Tibial Bone Regeneration with Autologous Peripheral Blood Stem Cells using Ilizarov Bone Transport: A Case Report

@#This is a case report of a Gustilo-Anderson Type IIIB comminuted open right tibial fracture with massive bone loss, complicated by methicillin-resistant Staphylococus aureus (MRSA) infection. Non-viable and contaminated bony fragments were removed and infected bone resected. Soft tissue coverage and antibiotics were effective against the MRSA infection. A unifocal bone transport with the Ilizarov method regenerated 13cm of the missing tibia. Autologous peripheral blood stem cells (PBSC) injections into the osteogenesis site boosted bone regeneration and consolidation with a shortened Bone Healing index (BHI) of 23 days/cm.

IgG binding and expression of its receptor in rat intestine during postnatal development.

The binding of 125I labelled IgG to the microvillus membranes (MVM) has been studied during postnatal development of rat intestine. The levels of mRNA encoding IgG receptor were also analyzed by liquid hybridization under these conditions. The IgG binding to MVM reached maximum levels by day 12 and showed a gradual decline upon weaning. The FcRn mRNA was markedly low in adult rats and was maximum during second week of postnatal development. Administration of cortisone or thyroxine to suckling rats, induced precocious decline of both IgG binding and the receptor expression. However, insulin administration did not affect the receptor expression. Scatchard analysis of IgG binding to MVM in cortisone injected pups revealed that the observed inhibition in IgG binding was a consequence of a decrease, both in the affinity constant (-Ka) as well as in the number of receptor sites (n) while thyroxine administration caused a reduction in the number of receptor sites from 2.29 in control to 1.14 nmoles/mg protein in thyroxine injected pups. These observations indicate that expression of IgG receptor during postnatal development is a hormone regulated process.

Effect of sodium on Saccharomyces cerevisiae invertase activity.

Effect of Na+ ions on yeast invertase activity has been studied as a function of pH. At acidic pH, Na+ (5-100 mM) had no effect but invertase activity was inhibited (38-44%) by Na+ ions (100 mM) with an increase in pH (6.8 and 8.0). Kinetic analysis revealed that invertase inhibition by Na+ ions was non-competitive and reversible in nature. Value of K(m) remained unaltered (33.3 mM) in presence of Na+ (20-100 mM) while Vmax decreased by 21-44% under these conditions. Value of Ki was of the order of 85 mM. Mechanism of observed inhibition of invertase activity as a consequence of Na+ ions interactions at the active site of the enzyme has been described.

Harmaline interactions with yeast invertase.

The effect of harmaline, a plant alkaloid has been studied on yeast invertase activity in the absence and presence of 50mM Na+ as a function of pH. Harmaline (1-3 mM) inhibited the invertase activity at pH 5.2, 6.8 and 8 both in the absence (44-92%) and (22-85%) of Na+ ions. Kinetic analysis revealed that harmaline is a non-competitive inhibitor of invertase, at pH 5.2 and 6.8 but at pH 8, it produced a mixed type of inhibition, Km increased by 450% and 175% and Vmax decreased by 82% and 63% in the absence and presence of 50mM Na ions respectively. The observed inhibition of invertase by harmaline was reversible in nature. These findings suggest that the presence of Na+ site is not a prerequisite for the inhibition of enzyme by harmaline.

Production of extracellular proteases and amylases by some acidophilic and alkalophilic bacteria.

Twelve bacteria were isolated from two effluent sources of Shaw-Wallace Gelatins, Jabalpur. Six bacteria from dicalcium phosphate plant effluent (pH-5) and six from main drain of the factory (pH-10) were isolated. Two facultatively acidophilic and two facultatively alkalophilic bacteria were selected and tentatively identified as Plesiomonas shigelloides, Aeromonas hydrophilla, Klebsiella pneumoniae and Staphylococcus saprophyticus respectively. Acidic amylases were produced in higher amounts on 4th day of incubation by Plesiomonas shigelloides and on 6th day by Aeromonas hydrophilla. Alkaline amylases were produced in higher amounts on 4th day of incubation by Klebsiella pneumoniae and on 8th day by Staphylococcus saprophyticus in vitro.

Multiplane transesophageal echocardiography: our initial experience.

We present our experience in the diagnostic assessment of a wide spectrum of cardiovascular disorders using multiplane transesophageal echocardiography (MP-TEE). Two hundred and seventeen patients in the age range of 11-71 years were subjected to MP-TEE from January to November 1993. The male:female ratio was 1.1:1. One hundred and ten patients had predominantly mitral valve disease of rheumatic origin, eleven had mitral valve prolapse, twenty patients had aortic valve disease and thirty seven patients had more than one valve involvement. Six patients with suspected prosthetic heart valve dysfunction and ten patients of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy were also studied. Two patients had unexplained pulmonary hypertension, three had pericardial disease and three had proximal aortic dissections. Twenty six patients with congenital heart disease were studied of which nineteen had atrial septal defects, one had corrected transposition of great vessels with pulmonic stenosis and one adult had Ebstein's anomaly of the tricuspid valve. In our experience, MP-TEE enhances the versatility of TEE by providing incremental diagnostic information and enhancing delineation of pathology. The procedure was well-tolerated and no complications occurred.