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Investig. segur. soc. salud ; 11: 11-19, 2009. tab, ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS, COLNAL | ID: lil-610084

ABSTRACT

Introducción: La inclusión en las pruebas de detección del VIH de la capacidad de determinar el antígeno p24 ha potenciado su capacidad diagnóstica para infecciones recientes. Objetivos: Evaluar el antígeno p24 como predictor de infección reciente por VIH en pacientes con prueba confirmatoria negativa. Método: Estudio descriptivo de seroconversión en 245 muestras de personas desde los 14 años de edad con resultado confirmatorio negativo para el VIH, en muestras de las serotecas de los laboratorios de Salud Pública Distrital y el Centralizado de VIH en la ciudad de Bogotá, Colombia. Se encontraron en 12 de ellas y se estudió la seroconversión en 6. Resultados: Se confirmó seroconversión en el 60% de pacientes positivos para prueba presuntiva de p24 y en el 75% de los positivos para confirmatoria del mismo antígeno. Conclusiones: Estos resultados sugieren la necesidad de realizar pruebas diagnósticas adicionales a todos los casos con resultado reactivo en prueba presuntiva y negativo para confirmatoria, en los que la reactividad de la primera pueda estar determinada por la presencia del antígeno p24 en a muestra, a fin de establecer una posible infección reciente por este virus.


Background: The inclusion of the capacity to generate p24 antigen in presumptive tests to detect the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) have enhanced its diagnosing potential in recent infection cases. The absence of this condition in confirmatory tests creates a risk of false negatives. Aims: To assess p24 antigen as a predictor of recent HIV infection in patients with negative confirmation test. Methods and design: Descriptive study of seroconversion of patients with confirmed negative test for HIV. Scenario: A study based on samples taken from the erum banks of the District Public Health Lab and Centralized HIV Lab in Bogotá, D.C., Colombia. Participants: p24 antigen was sought in 245 samples of people aged 14 or older, either reactive for presumptive tests or negative for confirmatory tests. The antigen was found in 12 of them and seroconversion took place in 6 of them. Interventions: 253 blood samples, either reactive for presumptive tests or negative for confirmatory tests were obtained out of 393,247 samples taken between January 2006 and November 2007. Finally, seroconversion was studied in patients with reactive test for p24 antigen. Outcome measurement: Seroconversion took place in patients with reactive tests for p24 antigen test for presumptive test and negative confirmatory test. Results: Seroconversion was confirmed in 60% of the patients tested positive for presumptive p24 antigen and in 75% of the patients tested positive for confirmatory test of the same antigen. Conclusions: These results suggest the need to carry out additional diagnostic tests to all cases with reactive results in presumptive testing and negative confirmatory testing in which the reactivity of the presumptive testing can be determined by the presence of p24 antigen in the sample, in order to establish a possible recent infection by this virus.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Probability , HIV Seropositivity , Viruses , Public Health , Diagnosis , Diagnostic Tests, Routine , Seroconversion , Indicators and Reagents , Infections
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