ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: It is imperative to have effective programs to improve or maintain the health of aged people. AIM: To evaluate the effectiveness of an intervention based on a multidimensional program in Senior centers in Chile five months after its implementation, in the domains of physical and mental health, functionality and quality of life in aged people. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Sixty participants older than 60 years completed a multidimensional program for one month that included interventions of guided physical exercises, in addition to educational and social activities. They were evaluated at baseline and one and five months after the intervention. RESULTS: After the first and fifth months, significant improvements were observed in the five times sit to stand test (5TSTS) and gait speed (WST), in addition, significant improvements were observed in literacy measured by the Short Assessment of Health Literacy for Spanish-speaking Adults (SAHLSA). At the fifth month, slight improvements were observed in the Yesavage and short Falls efficacy scales, Barthel index, Unipodal Station and EuroQol five-dimensional quality of life tests. CONCLUSIONS: A multidimensional program for aged people lasting one month, improved the physical health dimension and literacy by the fifth month of evaluation.
Subject(s)
Humans , Middle Aged , Aged , Quality of Life , Senior Centers , Exercise/psychology , Chile , Educational StatusABSTRACT
En medicina ambulatoria es fundamental brindar una atención integral, que esté centrada en la persona e incluya variables familiares, sociales y culturales, no solo biomédicas. El objetivo de este artículo es dar a conocer, de forma general, algunas herramientas prácticas utilizadas frecuentemente en un contexto de atención primaria de salud (APS) y la medicina ambulatoria, para cumplir tal desafío:El enfoque centrado en la persona, nos permite definir las necesidades específicas de los pacientes y sus familias, los recursos que tienen, además de lograr mayor participación en la toma de decisiones y mejores resultados en salud. Para poder determinar las redes, el nivel de funcionamiento y la vulnerabilidad familiar, existen diversas herramientas prácticas, fáciles de aplicar en la consulta ambulatoria, que todo médico y equipo de salud debieran conocer. En este artículo se revisan tres: el genograma, ecomapa y SALUFAM.Una vez definido el contexto familiar y social de los pacientes con las herramientas antes mencionadas, en caso de reconocer problemas o necesidades, la consejería familiar y el enfoque estratégico breve o centrado en la solución, son excelentes estrategias para abordar temáticas complejas y utilizar los recursos propios familiares, generando planes de acción participativos y atingentes a la realidad local.
In ambulatory care, it is essential to provide an integral attention, which is person centered, that includes family, social and cultural variables, not just biomedical. The objective of this article is to know, in a general way, some practical tools frequently used in Primary Health Care (PHC) and ambulatory medicine, to fulfill this challenge:The person centered approach allows us to define the specific needs of the patients and their families, the resources they have, and also, improve participation in decision-making and better health outcomes.In order to determine the networks, the level of functioning and family vulnerability, there are several practical tools, easy to apply in the outpatient consultation, that every doctor and healthcare team should know. Three tools are reviewed in this article: the genogram, ecomap and SALUFAM.Once the patient's family and social context has been defined with the tools mentioned before, in case of recognizing problems or needs, family counseling and the brief therapy or solution-focused therapy, are excellent strategies for approaching complex issues and using the family resources, generating participative action plans according to local reality