ABSTRACT
The effects of exposure to electromagnetic fields [EMF] on reproduction systems have been widely debated. In this study, we aimed to investigate whether low frequency EMF could ameliorate the in vitro fertilization success rate in Naval medical research institute [NMRI] Mice. In this randomized comparative animal study, ten NMRI mice were randomly divided into 2 equal groups [control and experimental].10 IU of human chorionic gonadotropin [hCG] was injected intraperitoneally to both groups in order to stimulate ovulating, and ovums were then aspirated and kept in KSOM [modified version of sequential simplex optimization medium with a higher K+ concentration] culture medium. Metaphase II ovums were separated, and sperms obtained by "swim out" method were added to metaphase II ovums in the culture medium. The experimental group was exposed to 1.3 millitesla pulsed electromagnetic field at 4 kilohertz frequency for 5 hours. To assess the efficacy, we considered the identification of two-pronuclear zygote [2PN] under microscope as fertilizing criterion. Total number of collected ovums in the control and experimental groups was 191 and 173, respectively, from which 58 [30.05%] and 52 [30.36%] ovums were collected from metaphase II, respectively. In vitro fertilization [IVF] success rate was 77% in extremely low frequency- pulsed electromagnetic field [ELF-PEMF] for exposed group [experimental], whereas the rate was 68% for control group. Despite increased percentile of IVF success rate in exposed group, there was no statistically significant difference between 2 groups, but this hypothesis has still been stated as a question. Further studies with larger sample sizes and different EMF designs are suggested
Subject(s)
Male , Female , Animals, Laboratory , Electromagnetic Fields , MiceABSTRACT
To evaluate the admission electrocardiogram [ECG] patterns as prognostic factors and compare the Q wave with other criteria such as time, for choosing the best treatment in acute myocardial infarction [AMI] Prospective case-control study Cardiac Emergency Departments of Imam Reza and Qaem Hospitals, Mashhad, Iran A total of 143 consecutive patients between year 2010 and 2012, diagnosed with AMI who were candidates for reperfusion therapy were enrolled. The admission and control post-thrombolytic therapy ECGs were taken for all subjects. Then admission ECG patterns, time to therapy and their relation with the reperfusion rate were analyzed. 60.1% [n = 86] of patients achieved 50% or more ST recovery [good response group] and 39.8% [n = 57] of patients had lower than 50% ST recovery [poor response group]. The mean response rate was significantly lower in patients presenting with Q wave [p 0.023]. In patients with initial Q wave, there was no significant difference in response rate whether they were treated within three hours from the onset of symptoms or not [p = 0.75]. In contrast, patients without Q wave who received thrombolytic therapy within first three hours had significantly higher reperfusion rates in comparison with those treated after three hours [p = 0.004]. It is suggested that, time from the onset of symptoms along with initial Q wave is better for decision making in AMI management, than the time alone