Cross-cultural adaptation of the 3×2 Achievement Goal Questionnaire for Sport in Brazil

Abstract Aim: Adapt the 3×2 Achievement Goal Questionnaire for Sport in a Brazilian sporting context and examine its psychometric properties. Methods: A total of 211 Brazilian athletes of seven different sports responded to the adapted instrument. Results: The confirmatory factor analysis supported the measurement model of the 3×2 Achievement Goal Model with some error correlations and invariance of the measurement model across gender, but not for the type of sport and context of the application. In terms of internal consistency, "task-avoidance" and "self-avoidance" goals did not reach the values of accepted criteria. Conclusion: This study supported the use of the 3×2 Achievement Goal Questionnaire for Sport in the Brazilian sport domain and encourages further studies to improve its reliability. Finally, the findings are discussed suggesting cultural differences in the understanding of some items between Brazilian athletes and those from other countries.

Stress ocupacional em profissionais de saúde: um estudo com médicos e enfermeiros portugueses / Occupational stress in health professionals: a study with portuguese doctor's and nurse practitioners

Este estudo analisa o stress ocupacional em 155 profissionais da área da saúde (exemplo: médicos e enfermeiros) a trabalharem em instituições hospitalares e centros de saúde da região norte de Portugal. Foram avaliadas as fontes de stress, o burnout, o coping proactivo, o comprometimento organizacional e a satisfação e realização profissional. Os resultados apontaram 15 por cento de profissionais com experiências significativas de stress e 6 por cento com problemas de exaustão emocional. As análises comparativas (MANOVA e teste t para amostras independentes) demonstraram maior tendência para problemas de stress ocupacional nos seguintes grupos: a) mulheres (embora os homens evidenciem maior despersonalização); b) enfermeiros mais novos e com menor experiência profissional; c) solteiros; d) classe profissional dos enfermeiros; e) profissionais que exercem funções em centros de saúde; f) profissionais com situações contratuais mais instáveis; e g) profissionais que realizam trabalho por turnos rotativos. No final, são apresentadas algumas indicações para a investigação futura.

This work analyzes occupational stress in 155 health professionals (example: doctors and nurses) from hospitals and health care centres in the north of Portugal. We evaluated the following variables: stress, burnout, proactive coping, organizational commitment and satisfaction/professional fulfilment. Results revealed significant stress experiences in 15 percent of the professionals and emotional exhaustion problems in 6 percent. Comparative analysis (MANOVA and t-test for independent samples) suggested a higher tendency to experience occupational stress in the following groups: a) females (although males showed more depersonalization problems); b) younger and less experienced professionals; c) single persons; d) nurses practitioners; e) professionals that worked in health care centres; f) those professionals with short-term working contracts; and g) the professionals working on a shift-basis system. At the end, we discuss some of the implications for future research of the present study.