ABSTRACT
Background: Micro vascular complications are the major outcome of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus progression, which reduces the quality of life and increases diabetic morbidity & mortality. As the incidence of type 2 diabetes is growing day by day; our search for its aetiology and pathogenesis is also ever growing to predict its risk factors and early screening for better care and prevention of its complications. Many studies have tried to link susceptibility of type 2 diabetes with ABO blood group though results have been inconsistent. The present study aims to analyse association of micro vascular complication with different blood groups if any.Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted among patients of type 2 diabetes Mellitus in a tertiary care hospital. Determination of ABO and Rh status was done by standard slide method of agglutination. Detailed information about age, gender, BMI, duration of diabetes, age of onset of diabetes was noted with the help of a proforma. The records (clinical examination and investigations done by physician) were screened for type of micro vascular complications.Results: Out of a total of 319 patients suffering from type 2 diabetes, 209 subjects (65.15%) had one or the other complications. A statistically significant (p=0.00) difference was observed between the presence or absence of complications in different blood groups. In patients with Blood group B, 76.14% presented with complications. Though Nephropathy was the most common complication observed among different blood groups, none of the type of micro vascular complication was found to be significantly associated with different blood groups.Conclusions: The findings in our study suggest that although there was a significant association between presence or absence of complications and different blood groups, but this association was not significant for different types of complications.
ABSTRACT
Maximum Voluntary Ventilation (MVV) test is an objective dynamic method of measuring the working capacity of respiratory muscles. Therefore, we designed the present study to determine the effect imposed by diabetes mellitus (Type 2) on respiratory muscle endurance in Jammu diabetic patients. In the present study, 100 diabetic patients of 50 Type I and 50 Type 2 and 50 healthy control. MVV showed significant decrease in male diabetic patients on oral medication. The findings suggest that there is significant decrease of respiratory muscle endurance in male diabetics on oral medication.
ABSTRACT
The present study was carried out on already diagnosed 150 subjects, comprising of 50 patients each of Type 1 and 2 and 50 healthy controls. The subjects were made to undergo pulmonary function assessment by comupterized spirometer. The study revealed a significant decrease in FEV in patients with Type 1 and Type 2 compared with normal healthy controls. However, FEV1 showed a significant decrease only in male patients on oral medication. The ratio of FEV1 / FVC was found to be statistically insignificant. The findings suggest that alterations in pulmonary functions are a consistent feature in patients with DM.
ABSTRACT
In fifty healthy adolescent girl volunteers serum calcium, magnesium and inorganic phosphorus were estimated serially during various menstrual phases. The result shows significant cyclic variations within physiological limits. Serum calcium was highest during ovulatory phase (p<O.OO I) and lowest during luteal phase (p<O.OO 1) as compared to other phases. The levels of serum magnesium were observed in opposite direction. It was highest during menstrual phase and lowest during ovulatory phase (p<O.OO 1). The highest levels of inorganic phosphrous were seen in menstrual phase as compared to other phases (p<O.OO I). The influence of cyclic variations of the ovarian hormones probably results in these changes.