ABSTRACT
Background& objectives: Metabolic syndrome (MS) is a common but serious public health problem in developed countries. Chronic inflammation plays a key role in MS. Interleukins (IL)-7 and 8 are considered to have proinflammatory effects and may be involved in the pathogenesis of MS. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine gene expression level of IL-7 and IL-8 in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of patients with MS compared to healthy control subjects. Methods: Using real-time RT-PCR, the relative amounts of IL-7 and IL-8 mRNA were determined in PBMCs from 20 female patients with MS and compared with those of 20 healthy control subjects. Biochemical and anthropometric parameters of MS were also assessed. Results: Total cholesterol, triglyceride, and fasting blood sugar were significantly higher in MS patients compared to healthy subjects. There were no significant differences in HDLc and LDLc between the two groups. IL-8 expression in PBMC was significantly decreased in MS versus control subjects (fold of change was 0.395 ± 0.1824), while no difference in the IL-7 expression was detected between them. IL-8 expression had negative correlation with MS components especially with triglyceride and total cholesterol (r=0.5, P<0.001). Interpretation & conclusions: In this preliminary study, no detectable differences were found in IL-7 expression and decreased expression of IL-8 in PBMCs of MS patients as compared to those of control subjects. Study on a larger population and investigating the mechanisms involved can reveal more details.
ABSTRACT
To find the frequency of cardiac dysrhythmiasin apparently healthy horses and discriminate functionalfrom pathological ones. Observational field study. The study was conducted on 544 horses but ECGwas recorded only from 395 cases. Data were evaluated by using analysisvariance and Chi-square. ECG was obtained on a base apex lead withthe paper speed of 25mm/sec and calibration of l0mm/mVat rest without restraining or using of tranquilizers. Thefindings were evaluated according to the criteria of normalcardiac rhythm. 102 out of 395 horses used for ECG recording hadsome types of cardiac arrhythmias [25.82%]. The mostfrequent dysrhythmias were heart block, sinus arrhythmiaand sinus tachycardia, respectively. Atrial fibrillation wasnot seen. This study showed that horses of ridingschools show cardiac dysrhythmias just like race horses.Major cardiac dysrhythmias are functional ones. Atrial andventricular premature beats should be cautiously looked.Furthermore, in contrast to what has been reported in theveterinary literature, no case of atrial fibrillation was seen.This dysrhythmia seems to be very rare among Iranianequine population for some unknown reasons
ABSTRACT
Coccidiosis is an infection of the intestinal tract caused by protozoan coccidial parasites of the genus Eimeria. A wide rang of vertebrates, can be infected and it is especially prevalent when animals or birds are grouped together in significant numbers. The development of the broiler industry in the 1940s required the urgent availability of Anticoccidial compounds. Intensive screening activities by several companies soon produced a range of medicines that were effective in the control of coccidia. Increasing resistance of coccidia to anticoccidial drugs currently used by the poultry industry has stimulated the search for new method of control. As part of this effort have investigated medicinal plants as a potential source of compounds with anticoccidial activity. This paper reviews about 35 types of anticoccidial medicinal plant and herbal drugs from 1940 until now. These studies indicate that a Larg number of herbal preparations with anticoccidiol proprieties and futher more with stimulation of the imniune system or production of mucus fajer in intestines are very effective in control of coccidiosis