ABSTRACT
Twenty patients with thoracic stomach were subjected to hepatobiliary scintigraphy for the diagnosis of duodenogastric reflux. The results of the radionuclide studies were correlated with those of endoscopy and biochemical estimation of total intragastric bile acid. Hepatobiliary scintigraphy was found to be more sensitive (91.6%) and accurate (95%) than endoscopy (25% and 55% respectively) and biochemical estimation of total intragastric bile acid content (66.6% and 80% respectively). Being noninvasive and physiological, radionuclide study appears suitable for routine clinical use in the diagnosis of duodeno-gastric reflux.
Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Bile Acids and Salts/analysis , Child , Child, Preschool , Duodenogastric Reflux/diagnosis , Endoscopy, Gastrointestinal , Esophagus/surgery , Female , Gastric Juice/chemistry , Humans , Imino Acids/diagnosis , Infant , Male , Middle Aged , Organotechnetium Compounds/diagnosis , Postoperative Complications , Sensitivity and SpecificityABSTRACT
Radionuclide gastro-esophageal scintigraphy was performed on 25 control and 183 children suffering from recurrent lower respiratory tract infection. Gastro-esophageal reflux (GER) of varying grades was observed in 135 patients. The severity of clinical symptoms in the patients was found to be directly related to the severity of reflux observed in the radionuclide study. In some patients an attempt was also made to quantitate GER by calculating the Gastro-esophageal reflux index. The results of the scintigraphic study were correlated with the results of the other commonly used and more conventional Barium swallow and fluoroscopy study. Gastro-esophageal scintigraphy was found to be much superior in terms of sensitivity, specificity and accuracy in detecting GER. It was also possible to objectively evaluate and monitor response to treatment following conservative or corrective surgical therapy using the radionuclide technique. The results of the study demonstrated a remarkably high incidence of GER in the patients. Whether GER is the cause of recurrent lower respiratory tract infection or not is difficult to establish firmly. But within the preview of the study the association seems to be very strong and cannot be easily ignored.
Subject(s)
Child , Child, Preschool , Female , Gastroesophageal Reflux/complications , Humans , Infant , Male , Recurrence , Respiratory Tract Infections/etiologySubject(s)
Child , Diphosphates/diagnosis , Female , Humans , Male , Technetium/diagnosis , Technetium Tc 99m PyrophosphateSubject(s)
Adolescent , Child , Child, Preschool , Female , Humans , Infant , Male , Organotechnetium Compounds/diagnosis , Pentetic Acid/diagnosis , Technetium Tc 99m Pentetate , Urodynamics/physiologyABSTRACT
The study was undertaken to assess the usefulness of transplant perfusion index (TPI) in the differential diagnosis of renal allograft dysfunction with special reference to acute rejection. It was observed that the TPI has a sensitivity of 100 per cent and specificity of 98.1 per cent in the diagnosis of acute rejection. It was also observed that the serial values of TPI provided valuable clues and guide in the management of transplant dysfunction and helped in the immediate and long term follow-up of patients with renal allografts.
Subject(s)
Adult , Female , Graft Rejection , Humans , Kidney Transplantation , Male , Middle Aged , Organometallic Compounds/diagnosis , Pentetic Acid/diagnosis , Predictive Value of Tests , Renal Circulation , Technetium/diagnosis , Technetium Tc 99m Pentetate , Transplantation, HomologousABSTRACT
From 1983-88, 157 patients were investigated in our clinic for thyroid disorders: 117 (75%) were hypothyroid, 10 (6%)-hyperthyroid, and 30 had euthyroid goiters. Average age of presentation of congenital hypothyroids was 4.07 years. Children with goitrous hypothyroidism (n = 19) were divided into: (i) thyroiditis: RAIU low and patchy, TMA positive: 2 children; (ii) dyshormonogenesis: RAIU high, family history positive, perchlorate discharge test positive: 2 children; (iii) iodine deficiency: RAIU high, urinary iodine low: 2 children, and (iv) cause unknown: RAIU normal or high, other investigations normal: 13 children. Ninety eight hypothyroid children without goiter were divided into 6 groups: (i) athyreosis: RAIU low, no thyroid tissue identifiable (n = 39); (ii) hypoplasia: RAIU low, gland small, in normal position (n = 7); (iii) ectopia: RAIU low, gland in ectopic position (n = 24); (iv) thyroiditis: TMA positive (n = 2); (v) iodine deficiency: low urinary iodine (n = 1); and (vi) cause unknown: RAIU and scan normal, other investigations normal and not done (n = 8). Proportionate short stature was present in 44.4% children. Twenty two children presented only with growth failure; 72% of them had dysgenetic glands. Early onset marked the group with hyperthyroidism (n = 10). Euthyroid goiter was present in 30 (19%). Hypothyroidism is still being diagnosed very late. All children with growth failure, even if proportionate, must have thyroid status evaluated.
Subject(s)
Body Weight , Child , Child, Preschool , Female , Humans , India , Infant , Infant, Newborn , Male , Referral and Consultation , Thyroid Diseases/congenitalABSTRACT
A prospective study was conducted in 25 patients with essential hypertension to study the effects of sublingual administration of nifedipine on some renal functions. Glomerular filtration rate was estimated by radioisotope clearance techniques using Tc-99m diethylene triamine pentaacetic acid (DTPA). The change in urinary excretion of sodium and uric acid were also monitored. A basal estimation of these parameters was followed by repeat studies after lowering the blood pressure to normotensive levels by sublingual administration of nifedipine. It was observed that acute administration of nifedipine does not produce a significant change in the glomerular filtration rate, but causes marked and significant natriuresis and uricosuria.