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Background: This study was to enlighten the prevalence, different types & impact of injuries in elderly population in rural area of middle income country (India).Methods: It was a community based descriptive cross-sectional study, conducted in all 24 villages under one Primary Health Centre of central India. The study was carried out from June 2009 to May 2011.Results: In the present study, prevalence of injury was 17.1%, which was highest among elderly ageing 65-69 years (36.8%) followed by elderly ageing 60-64 years (27.4%). Prevalence of injury was higher (20%) among males as compared to females (14%). Association of age, gender and injury was not statistically significant. Fall was the most common cause (34.7%) of injury followed by occupational (34.0%) and road traffic accidents (15.8%). Superficial injuries were the most common (32.6%) type of injuries followed by fracture (27.3%). Hospital admission required by 24.2% of elderly. We found 34.7% elderly was physically impaired and 26.3% physically disabled due to various injuries.Conclusions: In the present study we found injuries pose a major public health problem in elderly. Therefore there is a need of community based assessment on impact of injury among elderly in various parts of country to formulate appropriate health initiatives for prevention and optimum treatment of injuries in elderly.
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Background: Maternal nutrition is one of the most important health and welfare problems among women in developing countries. Only limited research has been conducted on the prevalence and determinants of maternal nutritional status in Maharashtra. Particularly, data on the nutritional status of pregnant women are lacking. The aim of this was to assess prevalence and determinants of undernutrition among pregnant women attending antenatal care center.Methods: An institution based cross-sectional study was conducted during September to December, 2018. Randomly selected 303 pregnant women were included in the study. Nutritional status was estimated using mid-upper-arm circumference. Data on potential determinants of undernutrition were gathered using a structured questionnaire. Statistical analysis was done using logistic regression. p<0.05 at 95% confidence interval was considered as statistically significant.Results: Overall prevalence of under-nutrition among study participants was 21.8%. Using a logistic regression model, factors significantly associated with the under nutrition were rural residence (AOR=0.675; 95%CI 0.307-1.485), having less than three years duration of marriage (AOR=6.650;95%CI 2.268-19.501), living with joint family (AOR=4.128;95%CI 1.606-10.611), no utilization of family planning methods (AOR=0.319; 95%CI 0.131-0.775), less no. of ANC visit (AOR=3.253; 95%CI 1.342-7.888) and having less frequency of meal (AOR=0.319 (0.149-0.683). Remaining all factors like religion, education, occupation, family size, gravida, parity, consumption of iron and calcium tablet, getting USG done, anti-tetanus vaccination, support from family and husband were not found as significant risk factors for undernutrition.Conclusions: Integrated approach is must to combat malnutrition among pregnant women.
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Introduction: Water borne and communicable diseases:Gastrointestinal disorders, particularly dysentery, diarrhoeaand parasitic infections are very common among tribalregions of Maharashtra, leading to marked morbidity andmalnutrition. The present study was a epidemiologicalsurveillance in the vicinity of Sardar Sarovar HealthProjects and its impact of health and morbidity status of thepopulation.Material and methods: It was a cross sectional, analyticalstudy. The study was conducted in Nandurbar districtMaharashtra. The affected villages by Narmada Sarovar waterkept under active surveillance during study period by the healthstaff and selected local leaders from villages.Results: There were total 872 cases of malnutrition reportedwithin two year. Out of this 85% were from >1 yrs of age groupand 15% were from below one year of age group. Out of 872cases of malnutrition 44% were Male and 56% were females.Majority of malnutrition Cases were from >1 yrs of age groupas compared to the below one years of age group, this data issubjected to statistical analysis the difference is found statisticallynot significant.Conclusions: Strengthening of the existing health servicesand existing infrastructure in the affected and rehabilitatedarea and active involvement of local leaders with someincentives (Pada worker, ASHA). NGOs and CBOs in diseasessurveillance system.
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Background: Diarrhoeal diseases represent a major health problem in developing countries. Conservative estimates place the global death toll from diarrhoeal diseases at about two million deaths per year (1.7 - 2.5 million deaths), ranking third among all cases of infectious disease death worldwide. The prime purpose of an outbreak investigation is to control the outbreak, limit its spread to other areas and assess how preventive strategies could be further strengthened to reduce or eliminate the risk of such outbreak in future. Methods: It was a descriptive cross sectional study of epidemic occurred in Khetiya village, Dist Barwani (MP), population of 67,500 during 17 October 2016 to 17 November 2016. All the cases reported within last one week around the market place village in Khetiya, presenting with symptoms and signs of AGE (as per standard case definition of IDSP) and willing to participate in the investigation. Results: Males were 56.96%, & female cases were 43.03%. Majority of the study subjects lied between 20-40 years. The mean age was 30.15±5 years. Majority of the cases belonged to lower middle class SES (38%). 87% population was tribal, 48% cases were labourers, 42% were farmers and 10% were others. Conclusions: Males were 56.96%, & female cases were 43.03%. Majority of the study subjects lied between 20-40 years. The mean age was 30.15±5 years. Majority of the cases belonged to lower middle class SES (38%). 87% population was tribal, 48% cases were labourers, 42% were farmers and 10% were others.
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Demographic transition combined with urbanization and industrialization has resulted in drastic changes in lifestyles of all people but its harmful impact is more in developing countries because of their rapid pace of growth in last few decades. According to the recent World Health Organization report, India has around 32 million diabetic patients and this number is projected to increase to 79.4 million by the year 2030. Our Aim of the study was to assess the impact of community based DPE on glycaemic control, life style and self care practices among type 2 diabetic patients. This community based interventional study done among 272 type 2 diabetic patients who were selected from slum area. All patients were given Community diabetic patient education (DPE) over a period of one year. Following DPE the life style parameters and self care practices have improved which is statistically significant (p value <0.05). Both fasting and postprandial blood sugar level, blood pressure & BMI had been significantly improved (p value < 0.001).