ABSTRACT
Background: Myocardial infarction which is an outcome measure in clinical trials, observational studies and quality assurance program have several conventional risk factors which include older age, hypertension, diabetes, decreased physical activity, alcohol intake, smoking, abdominal obesity, highrisk diet, psychological stress. Hypomagnesemia and means platelet volume is now recognized as a significant risk factor for atherogenesis, and thus for hypertension, ischemic heart disease, cardiac arrhythmias, coronary vasospasm, sudden cardiac death, cerebrovascular accident, and myocardial infarction. The aim of the study: To determining the relationship between serum Magnesium levels on platelet reactivity in Acute Myocardial infarction. Therefore in this study, we attempted to find the impact of serum Magnesium level on the Mean Platelet Volume and the use of these parameters as novel biomarkers to predict AMI. Materials and methods: A case-control study was carried out in the Department of Cardiology, Govt. Royapettah Hospital/ Kilpauk Medical College. Totally 88 Acute Myocardial Infarction patients (for the estimated prevalence of 30.36% in urban Indian population) admitted in the Intensive Coronary Care Unit between July to October 2015 and 88 age and sex-matched apparently normal individuals were included. Fasting venous peripheral blood samples were drawn within 48 hours of admission. Blood samples were taken into standardized trisodium citrate tubes (stored at room N. Jayaprakash, V. Madhavan, Aswanaa Kamanuru Govindarajulu. Serum magnesium levels and mean platelet volume (MPV) as biomarkers in acute myocardial infarction. IAIM, 2019; 6(4): 1-8. Page 2 temperature) and a sterile vacutainer which was serum separated, aliquoted into 2 Eppendorf’s and stored at minus 20 º C until further analysis. Results: Both the Systolic and Diastolic Blood pressure was significantly elevated in the cases (p= 0.000) which was statistically significant. The Fasting Blood Glucose levels were raised in AMI patients (p=0.001) although only 38.6% were known Diabetics. Urea levels were increased in cases (p=0.007) which was significant. The serum magnesium values were significantly lower in AMI patients in comparison to the normal individuals (p= 0.000) and the Mean Platelet Volume was significantly elevated in the cases than the control (p=0.004). Conclusion: Our study demonstrated that Magnesium levels were reduced in AMI patients and that Mean platelet Volume was elevated in AMI patients however a cause-effect relationship between the two parameters was not established. However, we propose that MPV and Magnesium may be useful biomarkers in identifying patients with increased risk for AMI. Further, a cohort study design including all the confounding variables can better address their relationship and role as adjuvant biomarkers in the diagnosis of AMI.