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1.
Acta sci., Biol. sci ; 42: e52965, fev. 2020. tab, graf, ilus
Article in English | LILACS, VETINDEX | ID: biblio-1460942

ABSTRACT

The present work aimed to evaluate the degradability of the chitosan polymer by soil microorganisms.This evaluation was accomplished using the Most Probable Number (MPN) method by plating in drops so that soil microorganisms capable of degrading the polymeric material could be quantified. Soil samples diluted in three specific culture media for each typeof microorganism were plated –bacteria, fungi and actinobacteria–and they were maintained at 28°C for seven days to determine the growth rate of fungi and actinobacteria, and for 48hoursfor the development of bacteria. Significant differences in the MPN of actinobacteriarelative to the other groups analyzed were observed. Thus, the method used was effective for determining the degradability of the chitosan biopolymer when observing the development of microorganisms subjected to the replacement of thecarbonsource by the addition of 2% w v-1of the chitosan biopolymer to the culture medium. The formation of clear regions around the microbial colonies was a strong indicator of biodegradation.


Subject(s)
Soil Analysis , Biodegradation, Environmental , Chitosan/analysis , Chitosan/chemistry
2.
Biosci. j. (Online) ; 30(4): 1041-1049, july/aug. 2014. tab, graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-948358

ABSTRACT

Uma alternativa viável para a destinação dos dejetos líquidos de suínos (DLS) é a distribuição como biofertilizantes em solos cultivados, após um adequado tratamento. Este trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar as alterações nos atributos microbianos de um solo cultivado com café após aplicação de diferentes doses de dejetos líquidos de suínos tratados em sistema de lagoas de estabilização em série. O estudo foi realizado na Fazenda Yamaguchi em um Argissolo Vermelho Amarelo no município de Diamantina, Minas Gerais. Os tratamentos foram constituídos de aplicação de 0, 125, 250, 500 kg ha-1 N na forma de efluentes e 250 kg ha-1 de sulfato de amônia (convencional) em solo cultivado com café. As amostras de solo foram coletadas, na camada de 0-10 cm de profundidade, nas seguintes épocas: antes, 30, 60 e 90 dias após a adubação. Foram avaliados a produção do cafeeiro, a respiração basal e o carbono da biomassa microbiana, e determinado o quociente metabólico. As amostras de 60 e 90 dias após a adubação apresentou diferença em relação à amostra controle, favorecendo incrementos na biomassa e na atividade microbiana. Observa-se que a aplicação de 125 kg de N ha ano-1 ano-1 de DLS é a melhor dose, por apresentar produção significativamente equivalente à produtividade de grãos da dosagem de 250 kg de N ha ano-1 de SA. Desse modo, em longo prazo, as aplicações consecutivas de dejetos líquidos de suínos, em solo cultivado com café, tendem a melhorar os atributos microbianos do solo. Os DLS podem ser utilizados junto com a adubação convencional para a cultura do café.


A viable alternative for the disposal of pig slurry (DLS) is the distribution as biofertilizers in soils after a suitable treatment. This study aimed to evaluate the changes in microbial attributes of a soil cultivated with coffee after application of different doses of pig slurry treated in system stabilization ponds in series. The study was conducted at Fazenda Yamaguchi in a Alfissol in Diamantina, Minas Gerais. The treatments consisted of application of 0, 125, 250, 500 kg N ha-1 in the form of effluent and 250 kg ha-1 of ammonium sulfate (conventional) on soil cultivated with coffee. Soil samples were collected at 0-10 cm depth in the following periods: before, 30, 60 and 90 days after fertilization. The production of coffee, basal respiration and microbial biomass carbon and metabolic quotient determined. Samples 60 and 90 days after fertilization showed difference from the control sample, favoring increases in biomass and microbial activity. It is observed that the application of 125 kg N ha yr-1 yr-1 DLS is the best dose for presenting production significantly to grain yield equivalent dosage of 250 kg N ha-1 year of SA. Thus, in the long term, consecutive applications of pig slurry on soil cultivated with coffee, tend to improve soil microbial attributes. The DLS can be used along with conventional fertilization for growing coffee.


Subject(s)
Swine , Crop Production , Coffea , Manure
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