Effect of L-T4 gel combined with metformin on the content of Ach and MCT8 in hippocampus of rats with hypothyroidism / 中华内分泌外科杂志

Objective:To study the effects of L-T4 gel combined with metformin on Ach and MCT8 content in hippocampus of hypothyroidism model rats.Methods:40 rats were randomly divided into 5 groups, normal control group (CON group) , hypothyroidism group (Hypo group) , L-T4 replacement group (L-T4 group) , metformin treatment group (MET group) and combined treatment group (L-T4+MET group) by random number table. Rats in CON group were given normal drinking water, and rats in the other four groups were given drinking water containing 0.05% propylthiouracil for 6-week hypothyroidosis modeling. At the 5th week of modeling, rats in MET group were given 1ml/100g metformin solution by intragastric administration, and rats in L-T4 group were applied with L-T4 gel agent at a dose of 0.1g/100g. L-t4+MET group were treated with L-T4 gel and metformin solution. At the end of 6-week modeling, the blood of abdominal aorta was collected, and the hippocampal tissue of the brain was quickly separated on an ice platform. Meanwhile, the trachea and thyroid were cut out and photographed to record their size. They were stored in a -80℃ refrigerator or soaked in 4% paraformaldehyde for fixation and used for immunohistochemical staining. T-test was used to confirm the difference between the data of each group, one-way analysis of variance was used to compare the means between multiple groups, and chi-square test was used when the count data were expressed as percentage ( χ2) . P<0.05 was used to indicate statistical significance between the data, and the difference was statistically significant. Results:Nishner staining showed that the optical density of the Hypo group was lower than that of the CON group ( t=8.944, P<0.001) , the optical density of the MET group was higher than that of the Hypo group ( t=4.472, P<0.001) , and the optical density of the L-T4 group was higher than that of the Hypo group ( t=4.472, P<0.001) . The optical density of rats in the combined treatment group was higher than that in the Hypo group ( t=8.944, P<0.001) , and recovered to the level of the CON group ( P=1.000) . After 2 weeks of treatment, the total thyroxine level (TT4) of the Hypo group was lower than that of the CON group ( t=14.536, P<0.001) , and the TT4 level of the MET group was higher than that of the Hypo group ( t=6.924, P<0.001) . TT4 level of L-T4 group was higher than that of Hypo group ( t=4.892, P<0.001) , TT4 level of combined treatment group was higher than that of Hypo group ( t=12.890, P<0.05) , and recovered to the level of CON group ( t=0.494, P=0.709) . After the study, the thyroid tissue of each group was collected. The thyroid tissue weight of the Hypo group was higher than that of the CON group ( t=7.906, P<0.001) , the thyroid tissue weight of the MET group and L-T4 group was lower than that of the Hypo group (MET: t=2.000, P<0.001; L-T4: t=3.000, P<0.001) , but higher than that of the CON group (MET: t=3.000, P<0.001; L-T4: t=2.000, P<0.001) . The thyroid weight of L-T4+MET group was similar to that of CON group ( P=1.000) . HE staining showed that the size of thyroid follicles was different in the combined treatment group, and the number of glial and absorbed vacuoles basically recovered similar to that of CON. After treatment, the Ach level in the Hypo group was lower than that in the CON group ( t=3.618, P<0.001) , the Ach level in the MET group was higher than that in the Hypo group ( t=3.121, P=0.016) , the Ach level in the L-T4 group was higher than that in the Hypo group ( t=3.321, P=0.027) , and the Ach level in the combined treatment group was higher than that in the Hypo group ( t=3.202, P=0.001) . And recovered to the level of CON group ( t=3.362, P=0.605) . After treatment, the MCT8 level in the Hypo group was higher than that in the CON group ( t=11.254, P<0.001) , the MCT8 level in the MET group was lower than that in the Hypo group ( t=5.679, P<0.001) , and the MCT8 level in the L-T4 group was lower than that in the Hypo group ( t=5.813, P<0.001) . The MCT8 level of the combined treatment group was lower than that of the Hypo group ( t=8.624, P<0.001) , and recovered to the level of the CON group ( t=0.587, P=0.477) . Conclusion:L-T4 gel combined with metformin has a good therapeutic effect on hypothyroidism, which can increase the level of Ach and decrease the level of MCT8 in hippocampus.

Mutational analysis of MYO1E in children with sporadic steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome in Chinese Han ethnic group / 中华儿科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>Previous studies have demonstrated that two homozygous missense MYO1E mutations are associated with childhood autosomal recessive focal segmental glomerulosclerosis in steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome (SRNS) families from Italy and Turkey. Non-disease-causing heterozygous MYO1E variants were also found in other SRNS patient cohorts. However, the role of MYO1E mutations in Chinese sporadic SRNS has not been established.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>Peripheral blood samples were collected for genetic analysis from 54 children with sporadic SRNS in Chinese Han ethnic group and a normal control group of 59 healthy adult volunteers. None of the patients carried mutations in NPHS2 or WT1. Genomic DNA was extracted from peripheral blood leukocytes. Twenty-eight exons and exon-intron boundaries of the MYO1E gene were amplified by polymerase chain reaction. Mutational analysis was performed by direct DNA sequencing and restriction endonuclease digestion.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>Fifty-one variants in the MYO1E gene were identified in 54 children with sporadic SRNS. Among them, 10 MYO1E mutations of IVS1-11T>C, IVS2-86T>A, 279T>C (D93D), IVS6-181G>A, 718C>T (L240F), 1678A>G (T560A), IVS16-35A>G, IVS18+48T>A, IVS19+38G>A and IVS25+13C>T were detected in 11 patients, whereas they were absent in the 59 normal Chinese controls. Forty-one variants in MYO1E were identified and all of them were published in single nucleotide polymorphism database from national center for biotechnology information. Furthermore, all the 10 MYO1E mutations were in heterozygous states.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>MYO1E mutations are not a major cause of Chinese children with sporadic SRNS in the study.</p>

Efficacy of laparoscopic operation in treating type Ⅲ child biliary atresia and its influence on postoperative infection / 重庆医学

Objective To investigate the effects of laparoscopic operation in treating type Ⅲ child biliary atresia and its influence on postoperative infections .Methods 85 children cases of type Ⅲ biliary atresia were randomly divided into the conventional sur-gery group(OP group ,n=42) and the laparoscopic surgery group(LP group ,n=43) .The operation situation ,postoperative changes of inflammatory factors ,changes of liver function indexes before and after operation and postoperative infection were compared be-tween the two groups .Results The operative time of the LP group was longer than that of the OP group (P0 .05) .Conclusion The laparoscopic operation and the conventional operation in treating type Ⅲ child biliary atresia have their own advantages and disadvantages .The appropriate operation mode should be selected according to the children′s actual situation .

Effects of hemofiltration on serum enzyme and endotoxin of dogs with heat stroke caused shock / 中华急诊医学杂志

ObjectiveTo explore the effects of hemofiltration on serum enzyme (SE),endotoxin (ET) and malonaldehyde (MDA) of dogs with heat stroke caused shock.MethodsSixteen healthy male hybrid dogs were randomly divided into 2 groups,8 for each:as heat stroke group (HS group ) and hemofiltration group (HF group).Severe heat stroke model was induced with high temperature.The dogs were taken out of the heating cabin when it reached heat stroke level,and then observed under normal temperature without treatment.The dogs in HF group was immediately treated with hemofiltration.The changes of SE,ET,MDA of two groups of dogs were observed and the survival time between two groups was compared,ResultsThe time from heat exposure to shock was ( 107.00 ± 28.52 ) and ( 111.38 ± 22.24 )minutes in HS group and HF group respectively ( t =- 0.354,P =0.729 ).The SE ( CK,LDH,ALT,AST) of the dogs were all higher after heat stroke,and the dogs of two groups showed no siginificant difference (P ＞ 0.05).At three hours after heat stroke,the SE increased apparently in HS group and HF group,but the level was significantly lower in HF group. Before heat stroke,the serum ET showed no siginificant difference between two groups ( P ＞ 0.05 ).After heat stroke,the serm ET was much higher than before ( P ＜0.01 ),but there was still no siginificant difference between two groups ( P ＞0.05 ).At three hours after heat stroke,the ET increased both in HF group and HS group,but the level was lower in HF group.Before heat stroke,the serm MDA had no siginificant difference between two groups ( P ＞ 0.05 ).After heat stroke,the serm MDA was much higher than before ( P ＜ 0.0l ),but there was still no siginificant difference between two groups (P ＞ 0.05 ).After heat stroke in three hours,the MDA of HS group rose apparently while HF group slowly declined.The median survival time of HF group was 180 min while HS group was 75 min,the survival rate showed siginificant difference (P ＜ 0.01 ).Conc4usions HF can improve the prognosis of dogs with heat stroke caused shock,prolong its survival time,reduce mortality.The mechanism is probably that HF clear serum MDA,partially clear serum ET and then eventually reduce cell and tissue injury and reduce SE.

Progress with research on the permeability characteristics of reproductive cell membranes / 生物医学工程学杂志

The successful cryopreservation of reproductive cells has important practical significance in many fields. In order to improve the recovery rate and viability of cryopreserved cells, it is necessary to study the permeability characteristics of cell membrane to both water and cryoprotectant. In this paper we review the studies on membrane permeability of animal reproductive cell for the recent years. We firstly list the typical permeability data of spermatozoa and oocyte membrane for water and cryoprotectant. We then analyze the effects of these characteristics on the design of cryopreservation protocol. We also introduce the latest experimental methods to measure the cell membrane permeability.

Recombinant human endostatin improves tumor vasculature and alleviates hypoxia in Lewis lung carcinoma / 中华放射肿瘤学杂志

Objective To investigate whether recombinant human endostatin can create a time window of vascular normalization prior to vascular pruning to alleviate hypoxia in Lewis lung carcinoma in mice. Methods Kinetic changes in morphology of tumor vasculature in response to recombinant human endostatin were detected under a confocal microscope with immunofluorescent staining in Lewis lung carcinomas in mice. The hypoxic cell fraction of different time was assessed with immunohistochemical staining . Effects on tumor growth were monitored as indicated in the growth curve of tumors . Results Compared with the control group vascularity of the tumors was reduced over time by recombinant human endostatin treatment and significantly regressed for 9 days. During the treatment, pericyte coverage increased at day 3, increased markedly at day 5, and fell again at day 7. The vascular basement membrane was thin and closely associated with endothelial cells after recombinant human endostatin treatment, but appeared thickened, loosely associated with endothelial cells in control tumors. The decrease in hypoxic cell fraction at day 5 after treatment was also found. Tumor growth was not accelerated 5 days after recombinant human endostatin treatment. Conclusions Recombinant human endostatin can normalize tumor vasculature within day 3 to 7, leading to improved tumor oxygenation. The results provide important experimental basis for combining recombinant human endostatin with radiation therapy in human tumors.

Effect of high volume hemofiltration combined with mechanical ventilation on seawater respiratory distress syndrome in canine models / 中华肾脏病杂志

ObjectiveTo investigate the effect of high volume hemofiltration (HVHF) combined with mechanical ventilation (MV) on seawater respiratory distress syndrome (SW-RDS) canine models.MethodsTen nomal hybrid dogs were randomly assigned into two groups:MV group(MV group,n=5),all the animals only received MV after establishing model successfully; HVHF combined with MV group (HVHF+MV group,n=5),all were received HVHF plus MV after establishing model successfully.Both groups were observed for 4 hours.Mean arterial pressure (MAP),heart rate (HR),central venous pressure(CVP),arterial blood gas and venous plasma osmotic pressure were detected at baseline,0 min(model establishment),60 min,120 min,180 min,240min after treatment.Venous blood was collected to detect inflammatory mediators (IL-8,IL-6,TNF-α)at baseline,0 min,120 min,240 min after treatment.The lung pathology was examined at the end of the experiment.Results(1)All the animals were suvival after four hous of treatment in both groups. (2)Pattial pressure ofoxygen(PaO2) and O2 saturation(SaO2) rised after four hours of treatment in both groups(P＜0.05), and HVHF+MV group was better than MV group.After 4 hours of treatment,pH,actual bicarbonate (AB),bases excess(BE) in HVHF+MV group were significantly better than those in MV group(P＜0.05),recovering to the baseline values.(3)MAP,HR,CVP were stable during the four hours of treatment,and compared with 0 min,there was no significant differences after 4 hours of treatment in bothgroups. There were no significant differemces at the same time of treatment in both groups. (4)Plasma osmotic pressure were stable during the four hours of treatment,and compared with 0 min,there was no significant difference in MV group.But in HVHF+MV group,osmotic pressure was significantly higher after 4 hours of treatment than that at the same time in MV group(P＜0.05),and compared with 0 min and 180 min,those were higher too(P＜0.01). (5)Compared with those at the same time in MV group,plasma inflammatory mediators (IL-8,IL-6,TNF-α) were significantly decreased after 4 hours of treatment in HVHF+MV group(P＜0.01).After 4 hours of treatment IL-8,TNF-α in MV group were higher than those at the same time in 0 min (P＜0.05).(6)Compared with those in MV group,there were less infiltration of neutrophils,edema and injury of alveolar epithelium from pulmonary pathology.ConclusionsHVHF combined with MV can significantly improve hypoxemia and correct acidosis of SW-RDS model in canines.HVHF can effectively clear plasma inflammatory mediators and redundant water,improve pulmonary pathology changes.HVHF has no impact on MAP,HR and CVP of SW-RDS.

Advances in cryopreservation/transplantation of cartilage grafts / 生物医学工程学杂志

Cryopreservation is essential for the long-term storage and banking of cartilage grafts. This paper reviews the developments on the cryopreservation of cartilage and transplantation of cryopreserved cartilage grafts during the past 10 years. It is stated that the current technologies for cryopreservation of cartilage grafts are not mature. Further systematic studies are necessary.

STUDY ON IMMUNE RESPONSE TO THERAPEUTIC HBV DNA VACCINE / 解放军医学杂志

In this study,we constructed 2 eukaryotic expressing plasmids namely pcS2?S and pFP,encoding HBV preS2+S envelope protein and human IL 2/IFN ? fusion protein, respectively. The double plasmid fusion protein was used as an adjuvant in preparation of a treatment type HBV gene vaccine. To investigate its feasibility for use as a therapeutic DNA vaccine, we've evaluated the immune response after injection into healthy mice, HBV transgenic(Tg) mice, New Zealand rabbits and Rhesus monkeys. The results showed that the therapeutic DNA vaccine can improve: (1)the CTL activity; (2)the HBsAg(30?g/ml) specific T lymphocyte proliferation in which the stimulation index(SI) and cytokines(IL 2/IFN r) release levels of the pS2.S immunized group(SI=5.6?0.9; 226.3?41.1/51.1?7.1pg/ml) were significantly higher( P

Protective Effects of Opioid Preconditioning on Rabbits Donor Heart Preservation / 中国医师杂志

Objective To study the effects of D-Ala2-Leu5-enkephalin(DADLE) preconditioning on rabbit donor heart preservation and protective mechanism.Methods 24 rabbits were randomly divided into 4 groups. In group B, after preconditioning with DADLE(1mg?kg -1 ), the donor hearts were then arrested and preserved with Krebs-Henseleit buffer at 4℃ for 4h,and group A without conditioning as controls. Then the donor hearts were transplanted into the abdomen of recipient rabbits. Recovery situation of contraction of the donor heart was compared. The left ventricular tissues were obtained from the donor hearts after 2h of transplantation.The contents of free radicals and ATPase activity were determined and cardiac ultrastructure were observed.Results After 4h cold storage, the heart undergoing DADLE preconditioning in group B showed better recovery of left ventricular development pressure (LVDP).The activity of sodium-potassium ATPase in group B were higher than that in group A. DADLE increased free radical production 2-fold versus group A. Group B showed slighter injury in transmission electron microscopy observation than that in group A.Conclusion Our study demonstrated opioid preconditioning has protective function to rabbit heart injury caused by long term cold storage. The protective mechanism maybe related to increase of free radical content.

Construction,identification and pharmikinetic research on a therapeutic double plasmid of anti-HBV DNA vaccine / 中国免疫学杂志

Objective:To develop an effective therapeutic double HBV DNA vaccine with two eukaryotic expressing motif,namely pS2.S and pIIF,a fusion ORF of hIL-2/hIFN-?.Methods:Two genes were amplified,which separately encoded HBV preS2.S middle envelope protein as a vaccine and human IL-2/IFN-? fusion protein as an adjuvant by PCR technique from plasmids pcDNA3.1/preS2.S and pcDNA3.1/hIL-2/IFN-?.Then the genes subcloned into eukaryotic vector pVAX1.The new plasmid was analysed by restriction endonuclease and DNA sequencing.The constructed plasmids were transfected into COS-7 cells in vitro with LipofectamineTM 2000.The expressing products in supernatants were quantified by ELISA.Space structure of fusion hIL-2/IFN-? expressed by the adjuvant plasmid was simulated by CE software.The double plasmid association were injected into BALB/c mice by in situ electroporation method,and specific humoral and cellular immune responses were examined.Results:The gene segments and inserting direction of pVAX1-S2.S(pS2.S)and pVAX1-IL-2IFN-?(pIIF)were both correct by genetic analysises.At 48 h after transfection,HBsAg and the cytokines of IL-2 and IFN-? were respectively 45.1 ng/ml,10.03 ng/ml and 11.5 ng/ml by ELISA.The activity domains of the two cycokines in fusion protein were entirely exposed on surface by CE software.Experiments were pefrormed in mice by injection of plasmid pS2.S.Protective antibodies of anti-HBs were produced in terms of dose-dependment pattern for the efficacy.Co-injection of plasmid pS2.S together with adjuvant pIIF resulted in more evident immune responses and dose of the plasmid pS2.S needed was diminished.There was strongly specific humoral and cell immunity by pS2.S and pIIF co-injection with EP technique.Conclusion:The double plasmids pS2.S and pIIF of anti-HBV are constructed succeedly and induce strongly specific immune activity in vitro and vivo.

Construction of recombinant eukaryotic expression vector pVAX-S_2S containing the gene of hepatitis B virus surface antigen and DNA-mediated immunization / 中国免疫学杂志

Objective:In order to obtain safer HBV DNA vaccine,recombinant kanamycin resistance eukaryotic expression plasmid containing the gene of HBV surface antigen was constructed and used to study humoral immune response in BALB/c mice.Methods:HBV antigen middle protein(preS2+S) encoding gene fragment was isolated from the recombinant eukaryotic expression plasmid pcDNA-S 2S;subcloned into eukaryotic expression vector pVAX1.After confirmed the presence of the gene by restriction endonuclease analysis,it was used to immunize the healthy BALB/c mice at different doses,and the levels of anti-HBs in serum was determined by ELISA.Results:Restriction endonuclease analysis confirmed recombinant plasmid pVAX-S 2S was what was expected.Serum anti-HBs was detected at the 2nd week after DNA vaccination at all three doses(100 ?g,50 ?g,10 ?g per mice)and their titers were increased with time.Quantitative comparison of the serum anti-HBs levels revealed significant(P

DNA vaccine induced cellular immunity in healthy mice and HBsAg serum conversion in HBV transgenic mice / 中国免疫学杂志

Objective:To investigate the feasibility and its action of the therapeutic DNA vaccine for treatment of HBV infection.Methods:By genetic recombinant technique,have constructed 2 eukaryotic expressing plasmids namely pS2.S and pFP,encoding HBV envelope middle protein(preS2+HBsAg) and human leukocyte cytokines fusion protein(IL 2/IFN ?) genes respectively and evaluated its efficacy for inducing cellular immunity in healthy BALB/c mice and HBsAg serum conversion in HBV transgenic(Tg) mice after immunization of the plasmids by intramuscular administration.Results:1.The T cell proliferation by in vitro HBsAg stimulation closely correlated with HBsAg concentration,with its stimulation index(SI=5.6?0.9) in pS2.S immunized group,being significantly higher than that (2.0?0.5) of the control.The IL 2 and IFN ? secretion level in supernatant of the DNA vaccine immunized spleen cell culture were significantly higher than that of the control,while the IL 4 secretion level was not affected.2.The dendritic cells(DCs) extracted from the local draining lymph node(LN) after DNA vaccination induced a HBsAg specific T cell proliferation with its SI(4.20) being higher than that(2.55) of the control.3.In each group of high dose pS2.S and the middle dose combined with pFP inoculation,the HBsAg serum conversion occurred in one HBV Tg mouse,with the serum anti HBs level increasing as the time prolonged,while the serum HBsAg level of the rest mice were significantly lower than that of the control.Conclusion:The results suggest that HBV DNA vaccine can effectively induced cellular immunity in healthy mice;and the preliminary results of the immunized HBV Tg mice may provide an experimental evidence for further investigation of DNA vaccine for its use in treatment of HBV infection.

STUDY ON EFFECT OF HGF ON SERUM ESTRAD1OL LEVEL OF THE RATS WITH LIVER INJURY / 解放军医学杂志

In our laboratory, injection of HGF, prepared by the modified Labrecque's method, was used for the treatment of experimental hepatic injury in rats. It was found that the serum estradiol level was significantly higher in the group of HGF treatment than that in the control group (P

DEVELOPMENT AND APPLICATION OF THERAPEUTIC HBV DNA VACCINE / 解放军医学杂志

In this paper, we reviewed the progress in the study of the therapeutic HBV DNA vaccine, particularly on the evidences for its therapeutic effect, its mechanism of action, and to compare it with the traditional vaccines, etc. We also presented our research results on the therapeutic HBV DNA vaccine, and evaluated its clinical effect and characteristics objectively.

CONSTRUCTION AND IDENTIFICATION OF THERAPEUTIC DOUBLE-PLASMID HBV DNA VACCINE / 解放军医学杂志

To develop an effective therapeutic HBV DNA vaccine, two eukaryotic expressing plasmids, namely pcDNAS 2 ?S and pcDNAIIF , which respectively encoding HBV middle envelope protein preS 2 ?S and human IL 2/IFN ? fusion protein, were constructed by DNA recombinant technique. After identification by restriction analysis and DNA sequencing, the constructed recombinant plasmids were transfected into COS 7 cells in vitro with transfection reagent Lipofectamine. The expressed product in supernatant was quantified by ELISA , and the biologic activities of IL 2 and IFN ? were assayed by CTLL 2 cell line proliferation and cytopathogenic inhibition, respectively. The results showed that secretive expression of preS 2 ?S and hIL 2/hIFN ? fusion protein peaked at 48h after transfection, and the expression levels were HBsAg(P/N)=7 63, IL 2=10 35ng/ml, and IFN ?=7 90ng/ml. The IL 2 and IFN ? activities in the culture supernatant of COS 7 cells transfected with pcDNAIIF were 998U/ml and 249U/ml, respectively. These results suggested that the recombinant plasmids pcDNAS 2 ?S and pcDNAIIF were correctly constructed and the transfected cells could express secretive active protein.

CELLULAR IMMUNE RESPONSE INDUCED BY DNA VACCINE IN BOTH HEALTHY AND HBV TRANSGENIC MICE / 解放军医学杂志

The peptides from HBV cytotoxic T lymphocyte(CTL) epitope were used to either stimulate or impact the immune effector (E) or CTL target (T) cells respectively, in order to investigate the cellular immune response induced by DNA vaccination in both healthy and HBV transgenic (Tg) mice. It was found that HBV DNA based immunization could induce CTL activity in healthy BALB/c mice, with intensity correlated with the E/T ratio and IFN ? secretion level in its supernatants. The target cells hit by HBsAg CTL epitope peptide(pp20) could be lysed by the active CTL induced by HBV DNA vaccine encoding preS2 and HBsAg, while the cell lysis could not be observed in the target cells impacted by the HBcAg CTL epitope peptide (pp10). The supernatant IL 12 secretion level (211 3?39 8pg?ml -1 ) in the DNA vaccination group was significantly( P

A STUDY OF DISTRIBUTION IN THE TISSUES AND LONG-TERM TOXICITY OF THERAPEUTIC DNA VACCINE IN MICE / 解放军医学杂志

To evaluate the safety of the therapeutic DNA vaccine against the hepatitis B virus. Plasmid DNA was detected by PCR in tissues of BALB/c mice immunized with the plasmids combined with electrotransfer in doses of 10 and 50?g. In long term toxicity study, HBV DNA vaccine was administered by repeated intramuscular injections combined with electrotransfer of pDNA to NIH mice in doses of 30, 60 and 120?g, twice a week for four consecutive weeks. Morbid manifestations, behaviors, hematology, blood chemistry, anti nuclear antibodies, and histopathology were analyzed. Results showed that plasmid DNA was detected primarily in the muscle at the site of injection, where it remained for up to 8 weeks. Eight repeated intramuscular injections of HBV DNA vaccine showed no adverse effects on behaviors, hematology, blood chemistry, and histopathology. No evidences of autoimmune mediated pathology and anti nuclear antibodies were observed in the mice. These results suggested that the therapeutic HBV DNA vaccine was safe and well tolerated.

INDUCTION OF IMMUNE RESPONSES AND SAFETY PROFILES IN RHESUS MACAQUES IMMUNIZED WITH THE THERAPEUTIC DNA VACCINE AGAINST HEPATITIS B VIRUS / 解放军医学杂志

To evaluate the immune response and safety of the therapeutic DNA vaccine against the hepatitis B virus in rhesus macaques immunized by intramuscular injection of therapeutic DNA vaccine combined with electroporation. HBV DNA vaccine was administered to rhesus macaques by repeated intramuscular injections combined with electroporation in doses of 0 2,1 and 2mg, monthly for three consecutive months. The anti HBs antibody level was used to evaluate the efficacy of induction of humoral immunity. After that, the vaccine was intramuscularly injected daily in the same dose for six days to evaluate its safety. It was found that immunization with the therapeutic DNA vaccine against hepatitis B virus by means of intramuscular injections combined with electroporation induced a strong and specific anti HBs humoral immune response in rhesus macaques.Nine repeated intramuscular injections of the vaccine did not show adverse effects on behaviors, hematology, blood chemistry, and histopathology. No evidences of autoimmune mediated pathology and anti nuclear antibodies were observed in the rhesus macaques. These results suggested that electroporation significantly improves the efficacy of the therapeutic HBV DNA vaccine in rhesus macaques.The vaccine is safe and well tolerated.

DETECTION OF SERUM LIVER SPECIFIC MEMBRANE LIPOPROTEIN AND ITS CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE / 解放军医学杂志

In our laboratory, we have determined the liver specific membrane lipoprotein (LSp) antigen level in the circulating blood of the patients with viral hepatitis, SLE, and chronic renal disease by means of ELISA double sandwich method, using anti-LSp McAb of own production as the reagent. The corela-tion of LSp with the changes in HBeAg, SGPT, anti-LSpAb in the paitents' blood has also been studied. LSp was negative in the serum of normal persons, and the LSp positive rate among the patients with hepatic cell damage (autoimmune or viral hepatitis) was 48.2~70.0%. Lower positive rate (10~22.2%) was found in the patients with SLE (skin type), chronic renal disease and non-symptomatic HBsAg carriers. The difference was significant (P