The microanatomic study of the endoscope-assisted far-lateral retro-condylar approach to the jugular foramen region / 临床耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To explore the possibility of far-lateral retro-condylar approach in an attempt to apply endoscope.@*METHOD@#For anatomical information, the microneurosurgical anatomical dissection, observation and measurement had been performed under microscope and endoscope by mimicking the far-lateral retro-condylar approach on 10 adult cadaver heads and 10 adult dry skulls.@*RESULT@#The complex relationship exists between the osseous jugular foramen and its adjacent structures. The exposed anatomic structures of jugular foramen region were observed under microscope and endoscope without drilling occipital condyle and jugular tubercle.@*CONCLUSION@#With the technology of modern microsurgery and endoscope, several diseases in jugular foramen region can be operated via far-lateral retro-condylar approach without drilling occipital condyle and jugular tubercle.

Anatomy of the infralabyrinthine approach to the petrous apex / 中国耳鼻咽喉头颈外科

OBJECTIVE To study the anatomical dimension of the path to the petrous apex via the infralabyrinthine approach. METHODS Thirty dry temporal bones were dissected along the internal carotid canal. The distances from the vertical portion of the facial nerve to the genu of the internal carotid canal,the vertical portion of the facial nerve to the petrous apex,the genu of the internal carotid canal to the posterior surface of the petrous bone were measured. Ten heads of adult cadaver were dissected to gain access to the petrous apex via the infralabyrinthine approach. The horizontal and vertical dimensions of the approach window created were measured. RESULTS The vertical portion of the facial nerve to the lap of the internal carotid canal was (13.26?1.66)mm,portion of the facial nerve to the petrous apex was (34.48?1.07)mm,the lap of the internal carotid canal to the posterior surface of the petrous bone was (9.68?1.53)mm. The mean dimensions of the window in dissected bones were(5.76?3.38)mm vertically and (6.42?2.65)mm horizontally. Thirteen sides had been doing well with the infralabyrinthine approach. CONCLUSION The possibility of those anatomical variations should be considered when the infralabyrinthine approach is being planned to manage the petrous apex lesion. The infralabyrinthine approach is useful to the patients with good hearing.