New Model for Intelligent Imaging Screening of Pulmonary Nodules / 中国医疗器械杂志

The artificial intelligence based on medical aid diagnosis has been in full swing in these years. How to better and more safely utilize this new technology to improve the diagnostic efficiency and quality of doctors poses new challenges for our hospital management. This paper aims to explore relevant management problems and corresponding solutions from seven aspects:data security, system integration, technical parameters, risks, workflows and diagnosis results by introducing a new intelligent image screening system. After these management problems have been better solved, we found that the intelligent image screening system can improve the diagnostic efficiency and quality of doctors.

Research progresses of superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles in precision medicine / 中国医学影像技术

The demand for diagnosis and therapy of diseases should be higher in the era of precision medicine.The superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPION) is used in diagnosis,therapy,and monitor of diseases due to its good superparamagnetism,which has always been paid more attention in molecular imaging.The research progresses of SPION in precision medicine were reviewed in this article.

Application of superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles in magnetic resonance imaging and drug delivery system / 国际药学研究杂志

Superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles(SPION) as a new type of nano-materials have been widely studied. Because of their superparamagnetic property, targeting, biocompatibility, easy observability, and plasticity, etc., SPION have been used not only as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) contrast agents in the early diagnosis of clinical cancer, but also as targeting drug carrier to selectively deliver the drugs especially anti-cancer drugs to target lesion, and therefore, improve the bioavailability of the drugs. For these reasons, the research on contrast agents and magnetic targeting drug carrier has attracted widespread attention. This paper reviews the research progress of SPION application in MRI and targeted drug delivery through consulting a number of relevant publications.

Three Scutellaria baicalensis extracts induce the apoptosis of a human cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma cell line SCL-1: an experimental study / 中华皮肤科杂志

Objective To investigate the effect of three Scutellaria baicalensis extracts (baicalin,baicalein and wogonin) on the apoptosis of a human cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma cell line,SCL-1.Methods Methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT) assay was performed to detect the proliferation of cultured SCL-1 cells treated with different concentrations (12.5,25,50,75 and 100 μmol/L) of baicalin,baicalein and wogonin for various durations (12,24 and 48 hours).Some SCL-1 cells were treated with baicalin,baicalein and wogonin of 12.5 μ mol/L respectively for 48 hours followed by the detection of cell apoptosis by double staining with annexin V-fluorescein isothiocyanate/propidium iodide in combination with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA),as well as estimation of cell cycle by flow cytometry.The 50％ inhibitory concentration was determined by line regression model and inner insert method,and statistical analysis was carried out by Student's t test,one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA),and Student-Newman-Keuls-q test.Results Baicalin,baicalein and wogonin all inhibited the proliferation of SCL-1 cells in a dose-and time-dependent manner (all P ＜ 0.01).Under the same conditions (treatment concentration and duration),baicalein showed the strongest inhibitory effect on the proliferation of SCL-1 cells,followed by wogonin and baicalin (all P ＜ 0.01).All the Scutellaria baicalensis extracts induced the apoptosis of SCL-1 cells and arrested them in G1-phase.The percentage of cells in G1 phase was 56.37％ ± 2.41％,74.23％ ± 2.02％ and 64.15％ ± 1.87％,and early apoptosis rate was 8.09％ ± 1.02％,24.13％ ± 0.76％ and 14.45％ ± 1.57％,in SCL-1 cells treated with baicalin,baicalein and wogonin of 12.5 μmol/L for 48 hours,respectively,compared to 45.04％ ± 1.93％ and 4.12％ ± 0.29％ in the untreated control cells respectively (F =83.29,186.37,respectively,both P ＜ 0.01).Similarly,there was a downward trend from baicalein to wogonin and baicalin in the effect on cell apoptosis and cell cycle arrest of SCL-1 cells.Conclusions Scutellaria baicalensis can inhibit the growth and induce the apoptosis of SCL-1 cells,which may provide new ideas for the treatment of cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma with traditional Chinese drugs.

Expression of Twist protein and its relationship with epithelial-mesenchymal transition phenomenon in gastric cancer / 肿瘤研究与临床

Objective To investigate the relationship between the expressions of Twist and clinical pathological parameters in gastric carcinoma,to explore its significance in judging the prognosis of patients,and to analyze the expression of Twist proteins in the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) phenomenon.Methods Immunohistochemistry was used to detect the expressions of Twist and EMT relative proteins E-cad,N-cad in 120 cases of gastric carcinoma specimens and corresponding adjacent normal tissue.Analysis The relationship between Twist expression and clinical pathological parameters,and the Twist expression and E-cad,N-cad were analyzed.Results In gastric carcinoma,Twist,E-cad,N-cad positive rates were 59.1％(71/120),36.6 ％ (44/120) and 47.5 ％ (57/120),and in adjacent tissues,the positive rate were 17.5 ％ (21/120),93.3 ％ (112/120) and 11.6 ％ (14/120).There were significant differences in each index between tumor tissues and adjacent tissues (P ＜ 0.05).Patients with Twist positive expression showed higher incidence rates of lymph node metastasis (P ＜ 0.05) and distant metastasis (P ＜ 0.05) than those with Twist negative expression.The expression of Twist was significantly correlated in gastric carcinoma accompanied by low expression of E-cad and abnormal high N-cad expression (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions Compared with the adjacent tissue,the expression of Twist,E-cad and N-cad have significant differences,and the expression of Twist was closely related to the biological characteristics in gastric carcinoma.The expression of Twist in gastric cancer have negative correlation with the EMT relative factor E-cad,while positive correlation with the N-cad.

Expressions of CD1a and CD68 in secondary keloid / 中华皮肤科杂志

ObjectiveTo analyze the distribution and density of Langerhans cells and dermal CD68 positive histiocytes in lesions of secondary keloid.MethodsTissue specimens were resected from the lesions of 30 patients with secondary keloid and normal skin of 14 human controls.Immunohistochemistry was performed to observe the expressions of CD68 and CD1a in these specimens.A micrometer was used to count the number of positively stained cells per unit area.The Student's t test was conducted for data analysis by using the SPSS software.ResultsThe density of CD1a+ Langerhans cells was (61 ± 49) cells/mm2 in the epidermis of secondary keloid lesions, (258 ± 61 ) cells/mm2 in the control epidermis,and(40 ± 65) cells/mm2 in the dermis of keloid lesions.CD68+ cells were absent in the epidermis of keloid lesions.Significant differences were observed in the density of CD1a+ Langerhans cells between the lesional and normal control epidermis(t =9.88,P ＜ 0.001 ) and in the percentage of CD68+ cells in nucleated cells between the superficial dermis of lesions and control skin(62％ ± 12％ vs.70％ ± 14％,t =2.66,P ＜ 0.05).The density of dermal CD68+ histiocytes was similar between the lesions and control skin ((287 ± 73) cells/mm2 vs.(290 ± 22) cell/mm2,t =0.02,P ＞ 0.05).Conclusions In keloid lesions,Langerhans cells decrease in the epidermis but increase in the dermis,CD68+ histiocytes are absent in the epidermis,and reduced in the dermis with a declined percentage in nucleated cells.

Anthocyanidin inhibits immunoglobulin E-mediated allergic response in mast cells / 药学学报

This study is to investigate the anti-allergic effect of anthocyanidin and to explore its possible mechanism. The experiments of passive cutaneous anaphylaxis reaction (PCA) and colorimetry were used to determine the effect of anthocyanidin on degranulation of mast cells in vivo. For in vitro study, various concentrations of anthocyanidin (100, 50 and 25 micromol x L(-1)) were added to the culture medium of mast cells cultured with 100 microg x L(-1) of dinitrophenyl (DNP) specific IgE overnight. The azelastine (100 micromol x L(-1)) was selected as the positive control. The antigen (DNP-human serum albumin, DNP-HAS)-induced release of degranulation was measured by enzymatic assay, histamine was determined by EIA, and interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) were measured by Western blotting, separately. In addition, the effects of anthocyanidin on phosphorylation of NF-kappaB, p38MAPK and Akt were observed by Western blotting. The results showed that treatments with anthocyanidin (100 and 50 mg x kg(-1)) were followed by a decrease in PCA of rats. Anthocyanidin (100 and 50 micromol x L(-1)) obviously suppressed the degranulation from mast cells, whereas results from anthocyanidin (100 and 50 micromol x L(-1)) group indicated significant inhibitory effect on histamine, the calcium uptake, TNF-alpha, IL-6, phosphorylation of NF-kappaB, p38MAPK and Akt of mast cells induced by antigen. Anthocyanidin may suppress the anaphylactic reaction by inhibiting the action of mast cells. NF-kappaB, p38MAPK and Akt at least in part contribute to this event.

Protective effects and mechanism of Inonotus obliquus on asthmatic mice / 中国中药杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the protective effects and mechanism of ethanol extract of Inonotus obliquus (EEIO) injection on asthmatic mice.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>OVA was injected intraperitoneally and inhaled to produce the asthmatic model. Thirty two mice were randomly divided into four groups: control group, asthma group and I. obliquus groups of high and low dose. The concentrations of IL-4, IL-5, IL-13 and IFN-gamma in BALF, the phosphor-p38 MAPK in lung tissues were respectively measured by ELISA and Western blotting. The number of inflammatory cells in BALF and histopathology changes were observed.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>In asthmatic group, the number of inflammatory cells and the concentrations of IL-4, IL-5, IL-13 in BALF and phospho-p38 MAPK in lung tissue were higher, while IFN-gamma were lower than those in normal control mice (P < 0.05). In I. obliquus group, the number of inflammatory cells, the concentrations of IL-4, IL-5, IL-13 in BALF and phosphor-p38 MAPK in lung tissue were lower, but were higher than those in normal control mice (P < 0.05), and histropathology damage was alleviated significantly. There was no significant difference observed among the efficacies in the I. obliquus groups of high and low dose.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>p38 MAPK may play a role in pathological process of asthma. I. obliquus effectively treats asthma by inhibiting the expression of phosphor-p38 MAPK, correcting the unbalance of IFN-gamma/IL-4 and decreasing the number of inflammatory cells.</p>

Apoptosis in cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma cell line SCL-12 induced by baicalein and acitretin / 中华皮肤科杂志

Objective To investigate the effects of baicalein and acitretin on the apoptosis in a human cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma cell line, SCL-12. Methods Cultured SCL-12 cells were treated with different concentrations of baicalein (3.125, 6.25, 12.5 μmol/L) and acitretin (2.5, 5.0, 10.0 μ mol/L), alone or in combination, for 48 hours. Subsequently, cell proliferation was detected by MTT assay, and cell apoptosis by ELISA as well as annexin V-FITC and propidium iodide double staining. Real-time quantitative RT-PCR was used to detect the expression of Fas mRNA in SCL-12 cells. Results The cell proliferation of SCL-12 cells was inhibited by baicalein and acitretin alone or in combination. The combination of baicalein and acitretin at the three tested concentrations, except for that of baicalein at 3.125 μmol/L and acitretin at 2.5 μmol/L, more strongly inhibited the proliferation of SCL-12 cells compared with baicalein or acitretin alone, and the inhibitory effect was in a dose-dependent manner. The early apoptosis rate was 9.39% ± 1.52%, 20.86% ± 2.16%,36.85% ± 3.26% in SCL-12 cells treated with baicalein of 3.125 μmol/L, acitretin of 5.0 μmol/L alone and their combination, respectively, significantly higher than that in untreated cells (4.39% ± 0.64%, all P <0.05); the induction of apoptosis in SCL-12 cells by the combination of baicalein and acitretin was stronger than that by baicalein or acitretin alone (F = 138.44, P < 0.05). Baicalein and acitretin alone or in combination significantly increased the mRNA expression of Fas in SCL-12 cells, and the effect of their combination was stronger than that of baicalein or acitretin alone. Conclusions Baicalein and aeitretin could inhibit the growth of and induce the apoptosis in SCL-12 cells, and the effect is enhanced by the combination of baicalein and acitretin, which may be associated with the upregulation of Fas expression in SCL-12 cells.

Mechanisms of apoptosis in cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma cell line SCL-1 induced by acitretin / 中华皮肤科杂志

Objective To investigate the molecular transduction mechanisms of apoptosis in cuta-neous squamous cell carcinoma cell line SCL-1 induced by acitretin. Methods SCL-1 cells were cultured and continuously treated with various concentrations of acitretin. Apoptosis was assessed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) in these cells on day 1, 3 and 5. Apoptotic cells were observed by acridine orange staining on day 5. The protein expressions of Fas, FasL, Fas-associated death domain (FADD), cas-pase-8, caspase-3 and poly ADP-ribose polymerase (PARP) were examined using Western blot in SCL-1 cells treated with acitretin at 1 x 105 mol/L at different time points. Neutralizing anti-Fas antibody (ZB4,1 μg/mL) was utilized to pretreat SCL-1 cells before the treatment with acitretin, following that, ELISA was done to compare the apoptosis in cells treated with ZB4, acitretin, or the combination of ZB4 and acitretin,respectively. Results Acitretin induced the apoptosis of SCL-1 cells in a dose- and time-dependent manner.Morphologically, acitretin-treated SCL-1 cells showed a typical characteristic of apoptosis. Significant increase in Fas, FasL, and FADD protein expression, as well as the activation of caspase-8, caspase-3 and PARP were induced by the treatment with acitretin. The apoptosis absorbance value was 0.78 ± 0.04 in cells treated with acitretin alone, decreased to 0.41 ± 0.03 in cells treated with ZB4 and acitretin (P ＜ 0.05), .suggesting that ZB4 could block the apoptosis of SCL-1 cells inducedby acitretin. Conclusion Acitretin could induce the apoptosis of cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma cells likely by Fas signaling pathway.

Effects of three generations of tretinoids on the apoptosis of and caspase expressions in human cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma cell line SCL-1 / 中华皮肤科杂志

Objective To investigate the effects ofthrce generations oftretinoids on the apoptosis of and caspase expressions in human cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma cell line SCL-1. Methods SCL-1 cells were cultured in vitro in the presence of three tretinoins, namely all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA), acitrefln and tazarotene at a concentration of 1×10-5 mol/L. On day 1, 3, 5, MTT assay and ELISA were used to detect the cell proliferation and apoptosis of these SCL-1 cells respectively; on day3, flow cytometry with Annexin V/PI was applied to analyze the cell cycle and early apoptosis, Western blot to measure the protein expressions of caspase-8 and caspase-9 in these cells. Results The growth of SCL-1 cells could be inhibited by ATRA, acitretin or tazarotene of 1×10-5 mol/L in a time-dependent manner (all P<0.01). All the three tretinoids could induce the cell apoptosis of SCL-1 cells (P<0.01), arrest them in G1-phase, and activate caspase-8 and caspase-9 (F=35.50, 25.79, respectively, both P<0.01). Of the three tretinoins, acitretin exerted the strongest effect on all the parameters tested. Conclusions Tretinoins can inhibit the growth and induce the apoptosis of cutaneous squamous carcinoma cells, which may be mediated through Fas- and mitochondria-way.