ABSTRACT
Background: Tobacco use is an epidemic known as “the brown plague” affec?ng one billion lives in the 21st century and 80% in developing countries. Prevalence of smoking is especially high in pa?ents with psychiatric illness with an ongoing debate over which comes first. Studies about nico?ne consump?on in psychiatric pa?ents are few from developing countries. Hence, this study is designed to iden?fy socio-demographic and diagnos?c correlates of nico?ne use. Aims and Objec?ves:- To es?mate the pa?ern of nico?ne use and determine the associa?on between sociodemographic profile, onset of nico?ne use, it’s use as a coping mechanism, psychological associa?on with nico?ne use in psychologically ill pa?ents. Material and methods:- A cross-sec?onal study including 101 pa?ents with nico?ne use and psychiatric illness were administered a semi structured ques?onnaire, Fagerstrom Test for Nico?ne Dependence(FTND) and nico?ne dependence syndrome scale. Data analyzed with mean, standard devia?on, chi- square, ANOVA Results:-Nico?ne use was more common in middle age group with alcohol dependence followed by depression. Nico?ne use was not associated with background, socioeconomic status, gender. Majority tried to quit for health but what kept them with nico?ne were drive, stereotypy, con?nuity, priority. Conclusions:- Nico?ne is a commonly abused substance in psychiatric pa?ents without a clear demarca?on about the cause effect rela?onship. The exis?ng study gives few insights into reasons for nico?ne intake which was more so among the produc?ve age group. Hence, there is a need for further research about psychotropic drug interac?ons with nico?ne use and focus on integra?on of nico?ne cessa?on into treatment of other psychiatric disorders rather than separate deaddic?on clinics to alleviate the illness burden.
ABSTRACT
Background: Post Stroke Depression (PSD) is one of the most frequent Neuropsychiatric consequences of stroke. It affects almost 29%-70% of Stroke Survivors (SS). There is paucity of research data in determining the risk factors and especially severity and associa?on of depression with site of lesion loca?on in Indian community. Aim and Objec?ves: To determine factors associated with PSD and associa?on between Socio-demographic profiles, Stroke symptoms, Site of lesion with depression. Materials and Methods: It’s a cross-sec?onal study including par?cipants from the outpa?ents sec?on of Department of Neurology at Prathima Ins?tute of Medical Sciences. A predetermined sample size of 60 pa?ents with CVA pa?ents was enrolled in the study and their socio demographic details are collected along with administering Beck’s Depression Inventory for Depression. Neuro-imaging provided informa?on on lesion loca?on. Collected data was analysed using SPSS version 19 and using descrip?ve and inferen?al sta?s?cs. Results: In this study 18 out of 60 subjects with stroke were diagnosed with PSD. Risk factors found to be mainly associated with PSD are lack of family support, Joint family types, Stroke with Aphasia, Cranial Nerve involvement and Motor System weakness whereas, Substance use is found to be a protec?ve factor. Significant numbers of subjects were found to have le?-anterior-sub-cor?cal lesions associated with PSD. Conclusion: This study highlights the variables which are to be considered in the recogni?on of PSD for Neurologists and Mental health care workers for early interven?on and a be?er outcome in view of stroke recovery