ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND:In general, a single-type artificial bone is difficult to meet the requirements for bone defect repair and extracellular matrix of bone tissue engineering. Compositing and processing the materials with different properties can form the composite-type artificial bone, which can either ensure the biological activity or effectively improve its mechanical properties.OBJECTIVE: To summarize the present situation of the application of composite-type artificial bone and prospects the development trend. METHODS:The literatures were retrieved from CNKI, ScienceDirect, PubMed, SpingerLink, El Village, Wiley databases from January 2000 to April 2017. The key words were "composite scaffold, tissue engineering, artificial bone" in Chinese and English, respectively. The selected literatures were analyzed according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The requirements for the scaffolds used for bone tissue engineering are complex and it should carefully consider and control various factors used in the design and preparation of scaffolds, including microporous structure, mechanical strength, degradation rate, porosity, growth factor, morphology and surface chemistry, so as to meet the bone tissue engineering applications. The preparation of tissue-engineered bone scaffold is based on biological active substances and matrix materials through a reasonable manner. It simulates the components of natural bone matrix, promotes the adhesion, proliferation and differentiation of bioactive substances, and gives play to its functions of osteogenesis. Although existing techniques and methods have made significant progress in the preparation of composite scaffolds, there is no technique or method to fully meet all the requirements for preparation of tissue-engineered bone scaffold.