ABSTRACT
This article summarized the clinical experience of Professor LIN Yi in applying the idea of disease-syndrome-syptom combination to the differentiation and treatment of breast cancer in consolidation phase. It is believed that the fundamental pathogenesis of breast cancer in consolidation phase is deficiency of healthy qi， so the treatment should emphasize on reinforcing healthy qi as the main and eliminating pathogen as the supplement. Commonly， Sijunzi Decoction （四君子汤）， Shenling Baizhu Powder （参苓白术散）， and Liuwei Dihuang Decoction （六味地黄汤） are used as the basic formula to strengthen the spleen and kidney to reinforce healthy qi， and Baihua Sheshe Cao （Scleromitrion diffusum ［Willd.］ R.J.Wang）， Yiyiren （Coix lacryma-jobi L.）， and ezhu （Curcuma aromatica Salisb.） are used to eliminate cancer toxin. It is also believed that the biological characteristics of different molecular subtypes of breast cancer are of great significance to the syndrome differentiation and treatment in traditional Chinese medicine， therefore， the formulas used in clinical practice are often selected taking into considerations of molecular subtypes of breast cancer. For those with positive sex hormone receptor， the most important thing is to replenish the congenital and benefit kidney essence， with modified Baihua Qiqi Decoction （白花芪杞汤）； for those with negative sex hormone receptor， the first step is to strengthen spleen and replenish kidneys， and it is especially important to strengthen the spleen with Baihua Qiling Decoction （白花芪苓汤）. At the same time， it is suggested that the primary and the secondary symptoms of patients should be differentiated， and the diseases and symptoms， as well as the modern medical laboratory indicators should be combined to give suitable medication.
ABSTRACT
We aimed to study the articles and applied prescriptions of Moutan Cortex in Synopsis of theGolden Chamber, summarize and analyze its laws on the disease location and disease nature, and analyze its compatibility, dosage and processing laws. Based on the knowledge of Moutan Cortex by Zhongjing, we found that the kidney, bladder, uterus and intestine involved in Zhongjing's application of peony bark prescription, which belongs to the disease of "lower abdomen" in Huangdi Nei Jing. And the prescription of Moutan Cortex mainly focused on the syndromes of "depression" and "blood stasis", which are characterised by five kinds: water depression, dampness depression, stasis-heat, blood stasis and ecchymosis. and the compatibility rule of Zhongjing application of Moutan Cortex is analyzed accordingly. In addition, the study found that as the downward movement of the disease position, the amount of Moutan Cortex increased, and the processing of the problem followed the principle of "if disease is slow onset, the Moutan Cortex heart should be removed, but if disease is acute, Moutan Cortex heart should be kept". Finally, we combined modern clinical application of Moutan Cortex with modern pharmacological research, in order to expand the scope of clinical application of Moutan Cortex and "the same treatment of different diseases" to provide theoretical guidance.
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Objective To explore the effects of health belief mode (HBM)-based home visits on the blood pressure (BP) and health-related behaviors of elderly hypertensive patients.Methods One-year HBM-based home visits were paid to 114 elderly hypertensive patients over 80 years old chosen from the community.The normalization rate of blood pressure after intervention at 3,6,12 months and health-related behaviors after intervention were also compared with those of pre-intervention.Results The BP after intervention was improved significantly after intervention as compared with that of pre-intervention (P＜0.01).Health-related behaviors after intervention were significantly more than those before pre-intervention (P＜0.01).Conclusions The hypertensions are controlled effectively with the implementation of the HBM-based home visits to the elderly hypertensive patients.The development of disease in elderly hypertensive patients can be slowed down and their life quality can be improved.
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Objective To investigate the molecular mechanism how edaravone reduces cytotoxicity caused by hypoxia/reoxygenation-induced injury.Methods Ischemia model-hypoxia/ reoxygenation model which also called oxygen and glucose deprivation/reoxygenation model (OGD-R) was established.Cells were divided into control group,OGD-R group,OGD-R with edaravone of different concentration groups Cells of OGD-R model were pretreated with the appropriate concentration of edaravone or combine with the specific channel blockers LY294002 and MK2206 individually,the expression levels of ERK,AKT and Bcl-2 were detected with Western-blot,while the expression levels of BDNF and Bcl-2 mRNA detected with RT-PCR,the expression levels of BDNF protein detected with ELISIA,the levels of LDH releasing and Hoechst33258 staining used with homologue assay kit or regents.Results The pretreatment of cultured neurons with edaravone alleviated hypoxia/reoxygenation induced neuronal injury in a dose-dependent manner (LDH releasing reduced,Caspase-3 activity and ratio of nuclear pyknosis declined).The edaravone pretreatment did not increase significantly the p-ERK expression levels,but the amount of p AKT expression was significantly increased(P＜0.01).Pretreatment of edaravone(10 μmol/L) remarkably reduced the LDH release and declined the ratio of nuclear pyknosis after reoxygenation (P＜0.01),which was inhibited by MK2206.Compared to OGD-R,edaravone pretreatment markedly promoted BDNF and Bcl-2 mRNA expression at each time point,and the most pronounced effects occured at 8 h after OGDR.ELISIA analysis showed that BDNF protein level was significantly elevated after edaravone pretreatment at the same point.Western blot analysis indicted that edaravone pretreatment significantly enhanced Bcl-2 protein expression at 8 h after OGD-R,which was blocked by MK2206.Conclusions Edaravone may alleviate hypoxia/reoxygenation induced neuronal injury by enhancing BDNF and Bcl-2 expression and inhibiting Caspase-3 activity through activation of the PI3K/Akt pathway.
ABSTRACT
Tobacco smoking is a global healthcare problem that poses a substantial and costly health burden. Nicotine is the major constituent responsible for the addiction to tobacco. Current strategies helping tobacco smokers have limited utility in increasing rates of smoking cessation, consequently indicating the need for alternative therapies. A novel therapeutic method is vaccination against nicotine. Nicotine vaccine can generate specific antibodies that can sequester nicotine from cigarette smoke in the blood, and prevent its access to the brain and minimize positive reinforcing effects, which may help smokers to stop smoking. The vaccine will have great potential for the treatment of nicotine addiction and for relapse prevention. Here we will review the current status of vaccines against nicotine addiction and discuss the problems associated with the development of nicotine vaccines.