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Objective To investigate the effects of intranasal administration of heparin-binding epidermal growth factor-like growth factor (HB-EGF) on expressions of nestin and caspase-3 in the perihematomal tissue after intracerebral hemorrhage in rats. Methods A total 36 adult male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into 3 groups: an HB-EGF group, a control group, and a sham operation group (n = 12 in each group). Then they were further divided into 4-, 7-, and 10-day subgroups (n = 4 in each subgroup). A model of intracerebral hemorrhage was induced by injecting type Ⅳ colagenase. At 1 to 3 days after modeling, the HB-EGF group was intranasaly administrated HB-EGF. The control group was administrated the same volume of saline. The Bederson score was conducted at the corresponding time points and the rats were sacrificed after the forelimb placing test. Immunohistochemistry was used to detect the expression of nestin and caspase-3 in the perihematomal tissue. Results The sham operation group did not have neurological deficits. The Bederson scores (P < 0. 05) and the result of forelimb placing test (al P < 0. 01) at day 4 and 7 in the HB-EGFgroup were better than those in the control group. There were no significant differences at day 10. At day 4, 7, and 10, the number of nestin positive cels in the perihematomal tissue in the HB-EGF group was significantly more than that in the control group (al P < 0. 05), and the number of caspase-3 positive cels was less than that in the control group (al P < 0. 01). Conclusions Intranasal administration of HB-EGF can improve the early neurological function, upreguate the nestin expression and downregulate the caspase-3 expression in the perihematomal tissue after intracerebral hemorrhage in rats, indicating that intranasal administration of HB-EGF may promote the proliferation of precursor cels and decrease cel apoptosis in the perihematomal tissue.
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Objective To investigate whether nimodipine could reduce complications after microvascular decompression in patients with hemifacial spasm. Methods 220 patients with hemifacial spasm , admitted into our hospital from May 2011 to Oct. 2013 , were all treated by microvascular decompression. They were divided randomly into two groups. Patients in the treatment group were treated with nimotop 50 mg/d after the operation for the first 3 days, then was orally taken 30 mg/d for a week. Patients in the control group were treated with the same after the operation without nimodipine. The postoperative complications including hearing deficit and peripheral facial paralysis were closely observed within three months after operation. Results The total effective rate was 100% in both groups. The incidence rate of peripheral facial paralysis and hearing deficit in treatment group was significant lower than that of the control group (P < 0.05). Conclusion Nimodipine has significant effect on reducing the incidence rate of peripheral facial paralysis and hearing deficit after microvascular decompression in patients with hemifacial spasm.
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Objective To investigate the effect of atorvastatin on cytochrome c (CytC) expression and neuronal apoptosis after intracerebral hemorrhage in rots.Methods A total of 108 male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly allocated into 3 groups:sham operation group,saline control group,and atorvastatin group (n =36 each group).All the groups were redivided into 6 h,12 h,day 1,3,5 and 7 time points (n =6 at each time point).An intracerebral hemorrhage model was induced by using a modified two-step injection method.After modeling,atorvastatin was used for gavages (20 rng/kg,once a day) in the atorvastatin group.The saline control group was given the same volume of saline.Behavior evaluation was used for neurological score.TUNEL staining was used to detect apoptosis in perihematoma tissue.Immunohistochemical method was used to detect the CytC expression in perihematoma tissue.Results Behavior evaluation showed that the neurological scores decreased gradually with the passage of time in the atorvastatin group and the saline control group.There were no significant differences at 6 h,12 h,day 1 and day 3,but the neurological scores in the atorvastatin group were significantly lower than those in thc saline control group at day 5 (0.50 ± 0.55 vs.1.50 ± 0.55; t =3.162,P =0.010) and day 7 (1.00 ±0.63; t =2.712,P =0.022).TUNEL staining showed that the numbers of apoptotic cells increased first and then decreased in the saline control group and the atorvastatin group.They reached the peak at 1 hour after modeling.There were significant differences in the number of apoptotic cells in each group in perihematoma tissue at the same time point (all P =0.000),and the significance in the saline control group was more than that in the sham operation group and the atorvastatin group (all P ＜0.05),but at day 7,there was no significant difference in the number of apoptotic cells between the atorvastatin group and the sham operation group (12.69 ± 3.35 vs.9.33 ± 2.07; P =0.148).Immunohistochemical method showed that the numbers of CytC positive cells increased first and then decreased in the saline control group and the atorvastatin group,reached the peak at 12 h after modeling in te saline control group (68.19 ± 11.93) and at 1 d in the atorvastatin group (35.64 ± 9.12).There were significant differences in the numbers of CytC positive cells in perihematoma tissue at the same time point in each group (P =0.000).The numbers of CytC positive cells in the saline control group was significantly more than that in the sham operation group and the atorvastatin group (all P ＜0.05),but there was no significant difference in the numbers of CytC positive cells between the atorvastatin statin group and the sham group at day 7 (16.08 ± 3.80 vs.13.67 ± 2.94; P =0.349).Conelusions Atorvastatin may inhibit the release of CytC of nerve cells in perihematoma tissue after intracerebral hemorrhage,and thus reduce CytC-mediated apoptosis and neurological deficit after intracerebral hemorrhage.
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Objective To investigate the risk factors for nosoeomial pneumonia in elderly stroke patients(aged 60 years and over). Methods The clinical data of 259 patients with nosoeomial pneumonia from Jan 2002 to June 2007 were collected and the risk factors were retrospectively analyzed. Results The morbility rate of nosocomial pneumonia in elderly stroke patients was 41.3%,and the risk factors were aging,Iong hospitalization,unconsciousness,type of stroke,and underlying diseases,smoking,tracheal intubation,tracheotomy,application of respiratory machine (all P＞0.05). Conclusions The morbility rate of nosoeomial pneumonia in elderly stroke patients was high,and the risk factors are aging,long hospitalization,unconsciousness,type of stroke,and underlying diseases,smoking,tracheal intubation,tracheotomy,application of respiratory machine.
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Objective To analyze the mierosurgery treatment and prognosis of cavernous hemangioma loca-ted in pons. Methods 12 cases with cavernous hemangioma located in ports underwent mierosurgery. 11 lesions lo-cated in dorsal tons were resected through midline suboccipital trans- rhomboid fnssa approach. 1 lesion located in ventrolateral pous was resected with suboceipital retrosigmoid approach. Results All the 12 cavernous hemangiomns were rosected totally and confirmed by the postoperative pathology. Clinical improvement was gained in 6 cases, no change in 3 ,aggravation of facial palsy in 1 ,death in 1. The mean follow-up time was 3 months,and Mill scan dem-onstrated good restoration of brain stem tissue with no recurrence signs of lesion. The symptoms due to the operation recovered to some extent. Conclusion The cavernous hemangioma located in brain stem can be resected safely and effectively given the selection of surgical indication and optimal surgical approach.