Prevalence of priapism in individuals with sickle cell disease and implications on male sexual function / Prevalência de priapismo em indivíduos com doença falciforme e suas implicações na função sexual masculina

ABSTRACT Objective To evaluate epidemiological aspects of priapism in patients with sickle cell disease, and these aspects impact on adult sexual function. Methods This was a cross-sectional study including individuals with sickle cell disease who were evaluated at a reference center for sickle cell. Participants completed a structured questionnaire about their sociodemographic characteristics and priapism events. Sexual function was assessed using validated two instruments, the Erection Hardness Score and one about the sex life satisfaction. Results Sixty-four individuals with median aged of 12 (7 to 28) years were interviewed. The prevalence of priapism was 35.9% (23/64). The earliest priapism episode occurred at 2 years of age and the latest at 42 years. The statistical projection was that 71.1% of individuals of the study would have at least one episode of priapism throughout life. Patients with episodes of priapism (10/23) had significantly worse erectile function Erection Hardness Score of 2 [1-3]; p=0.01 and were less satisfied with sexual life 3 [3-5]; p=0.02. Conclusion Priapism is usually present in childhood, and severe episodes are associated with cavernous damage, impairment in the quality of the erection, and lower sexual satisfaction.

RESUMO Objetivo Avaliar aspectos epidemiológicos do priapismo em pacientes com doença falciforme e o impacto desses aspectos na função sexual de adultos. Métodos Trata-se de estudo transversal, que incluiu indivíduos com doença falciforme acompanhados em um centro de referência. Os participantes responderam a um questionário estruturado acerca das características sociodemográficas e eventos de priapismo. A função sexual foi avaliada por meio de dois instrumentos validados, a Escala de Rigidez de Ereção e um sobre satisfação com a vida sexual. Resultados Foram entrevistados 64 indivíduos com média de idade de 12 (7-28) anos. A prevalência de priapismo foi de 35,9% (23/64). O episódio mais precoce ocorreu aos 2 anos de idade e o mais tardio, aos 42 anos. A projeção estatística foi de que 71,1% desses sujeitos teriam pelo menos um episódio de priapismo ao longo da vida. Pacientes adultos com episódios de priapismo (10/23) apresentaram função erétil significativamente pior Escala de Rigidez de Ereção de 2 [1-3]; p=0,01 e estavam menos satisfeitos com a vida sexual 3 [3-5]; p=0,02. Conclusão O priapismo manifesta-se desde a infância, e episódios graves estão associados a dano cavernoso, prejuízo na qualidade da ereção e menor satisfação sexual.

Prevalence of enuresis and its impact in quality of life of patients with sickle cell disease

ABSTRACT Introduction Evidence indicates an increase in the prevalence of enuresis in individuals with sickle cell disease. The present study aims to evaluate the prevalence and impact of enuresis on quality of life in individuals with sickle cell disease. Materials and Methods This cross-sectional study evaluated individuals with sickle cell disease followed at a reference clinic, using a questionnaire designed to evaluate the age of complete toilet training, the presence of enuresis and lower urinary tract, and the impact on quality of life of these individuals. Results Fifty children presenting SCD (52% females, mean age ten years) were included in the study. Of those, 34% (17/50) presented as HbSC, 56% with HbSS (28/50), 2% Sα-thalassemia (1/5) and 8% the type of SCD was not determined. The prevalence of enuresis was 42% (21/50), affecting 75% of subjects at five years and about 15% of adolescents at 15 years of age. Enuresis was classified as monosymptomatic in 33.3% (7/21) and nonmonosymptomatic in 66.6% (14/21) of the cases, being primary in all subjects. Nocturia was identified in 24% (12/50), urgency in 20% (10/50) and daytime incontinence 10% (5/50) of the individuals. Enuresis had a significant impact on the quality of life of 67% of the individuals. Conclusion Enuresis was highly prevalent among children with SCD, and continues to be prevalent throughout early adulthood, being more common in males. Primary nonmonosymptomatic enuresis was the most common type, and 2/3 of the study population had a low quality of life.

Placental efficiency in the equine species: which factors may be related? / Eficiência placentária na espécie equina: quais fatores podem estar relacionados?

This review intends to show the main factors that may affect intrauterine growth and the placentals nutrients supply to the fetus, morphofunctional aspects placental efficiency, correlating them with performance indexes, such as breed, age and pluriparious. This study aims to discuss the interrelationships that determine greater placental efficiency, proposing a comparative parallel between various species in order to understand more about the placental efficiency in the equine species.

Esta revisão de literatura propõe levantar os principais fatores que podem influenciar o crescimento intrauterino e o suprimento de nutrientes placentários para o feto, abordando aspectos morfofuncionais relacionados à eficiência placentária, correlacionando-os com aspectos zootécnicos, como raça, pluriparidade e idade das fêmeas gestantes. O objetivo foi estabelecer as interrelações que determinem maior eficiência placentária, propondo um paralelo comparativo entre espécies a fim de ser entendida a eficiência placentária na espécie equina.

Desenvolvimento do auto-conceito pela tutoria pedagógica por crianças do primeiro ciclo / Desarrollo del auto concepto por la tutela pedagógica por niños del primer grado / First grade self-concept improvement trough tutorial with their special needs classmates

O conceito de identidade aparece, de forma recorrente, em diversas áreas da psicologia, embora nem sempre com o destaque que merece em termos do impacto que têm as relações interpessoais em grupos específicos. O seu carácter relacional e a sua tendência para o crescimento quando são proporcionadas experiências cooperativas, dão suporte à nossa investigação cujo objectivo era testar o impacto de um programa de intervenção junto de uma amostra de 60 crianças a frequentar o 1º ciclo em escolas da Beira Interior. A adaptação portuguesa do Piers-Harris Childrenïs Self-Concept Scale (Veiga, 1989) foi o instrumento utilizado numa metodologia de pré-teste/pós-teste com grupo de controlo. Os resultados apontam para uma evolução dos resultados do grupo experimental entre o pré-teste e o pós-teste.

Self-concept appears to be an important construct in most of psychology areas, although its impact on interpersonal relationships on specific groups wasn't always recognised. Its relational character and development tendency when cooperative experiences are promoted support our study which most important goal was to test an intervention program impact with 60 first grade students' participants. A pre-test/post-test research with experimental and control-group was performed with Piers-Harris Children's Self-Concept Scale (Veigas' Portuguese adaptation, 1989). Results point out to experimental group self-concept improvement between pre-test and post-test.

El concepto de identidad aparece, de forma recurrente, en diferentes áreas de la psicología, pese a ni siempre tener el destaque que merece en términos del impacto que tienen las relaciones interpersonales en grupos específicos. Cuando son proporcionadas experiencias cooperativas, su carácter relacional y su tendencia para el crecimiento dan soporte a nuestra investigación, cuyo objetivo era testear el impacto de un programa de intervención junto a una muestra de 60 niños que frecuentaban el 1º grado en escuelas de la Beira Interior. La adaptación portuguesa del Piers-Harris Childrenïs Self-Concept Scale (Veiga, 1989) fue el instrumento utilizado en una metodología de pre-test/pos-test con un grupo de control. Los resultados apuntan para una evolución de los resultados del grupo experimental entre el pre-test y el pos-test.