ABSTRACT
Objective:To investigate the effect of ginkgo biloba extract (GBE) on oxidative stress in medial prefrontal cortex and excitatory/inhibitory balance of pyramidal neurons in chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS)-induced depressive model mice.Methods:Totally 48 SPF grade 7-week-old male C57BL/6J mice were divided into 4 groups according to random number table method: control+ saline group (CTRL+ Veh), control+ GBE group (CTRL+ GBE), model+ saline group (CUMS+ Veh), model+ GBE group (CUMS+ GBE), with 12 mice in each group.Mice in CUMS+ Veh group and CUMS+ GBE group were established by CUMS method, and mice in CTRL+ GBE group and CUMS+ GBE group were intraperitoneally injected with GBE (70 mg/kg) once a day, and mice in CTRL+ Veh group and CUMS+ Veh group were injected intraperitoneally with 0.9% sodium chloride solution.Then, the sucrose preference test, forced swimming test (FST) and tail suspension test (TST) were performed to evaluate the depressive-like behavior of mice, and open field test (OFT) was performed to evaluate the autonomous locomotion and exploration ability and anxiety-like behavior.The content of malondialdehyde (MDA) and activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) in mPFC were determined by ELISA.Spontaneous excitatory postsynaptic currents (sEPSC) and spontaneous inhibitory postsynaptic currents (sIPSC) were detected by whole-cell recording.SPSS 23.0 was used for data analysis and two-factor analysis of variance(whether to get GBE, whether to mold, show as GBE×CUMS) was used for statistical analysis.Results:(1) Behavioral results: the the time spent in center and total distance of OFT and sugar preference rate of the four groups of mice were compared, and the interaction of GBE×CUMS was significant( F=24.90, 4.82, 3.91, all P<0.05). The results of simple effect analysis showed that the time spent in center ((47.15±3.58) s), the total distance((19.33±0.86) m) and the sugar preference rate((59.11±8.79)%) of the mice in CUMS+ Veh group were lower than those in the CTRL+ Veh group((61.55±2.49) s, (23.24±1.21) m, (84.02±7.45) %) (all P<0.01), and the above indexes in CUMS+ GBE group ((56.51±3.53) s, (20.75±1.31) m, (70.80±11.79)%) were higher than those in CUMS+ Veh group (all P<0.05). In the immobility time of FST and TST of mice in the 4 groups, the interaction of GBE×CUMS were significant( F=85.53, 83.39, both P<0.01). The immobility time of FST and TST in CUMS+ Veh group were higher than those in CTRL+ Veh group (both P<0.01 ), and the above indexes in CUMS+ GBE group were lower than CUMS+ Veh group(both P<0.05). (2)The results of ELISA showed that the interaction of GBE×CUMS of SOD level of mice in the 4 groups was not significant ( F=3.52, P=0.07), but the main effects of GBE factor and CUMS factor were both significant ( F=4.69, 46.93, both P<0.05). The interaction of GBE×CUMS of MDA level was significant( F=16.61, P<0.01). The level of SOD in the CUMS+ Veh group was lower than that in the CTRL+ Veh group ( P<0.01), and the level of SOD in the CUMS+ GBE group was higher than that in the CUMS+ Veh group ( P<0.05). The level of MDA in the CUMS+ Veh group was higher than that of the CTRL+ Veh group ( P<0.01), and the level of MDA in CUMS+ GBE group was lower than that of the CUMS+ Veh group ( P<0.01). (3) The results of whole-cell recording showed that the interaction of GBE×CUMS of frequency and quantification of sEPSC in the four groups were significant ( F=5.45, 6.94, both P<0.05). The sEPSC frequency and quantification in the CUMS+ Veh group were lower than those in the CTRL+ Veh group (both P<0.01), and the sEPSC frequency and quantification in CUMS+ GBE group were higher than those of CUMS+ Veh group (both P<0.05). The interaction of GBE×CUMS of frequency and quantification of sIPSC in the four groups were significant ( F=7.78, 8.96, both P<0.01). The sIPSC frequency and quantification of the CUMS+ Veh group were higher than those of CTRL+ Veh group (both P<0.01), and the above indexes of CUMS+ GBE group were lower than those of CUMS+ Veh group (both P<0.01). As for the sEPSC/sIPSC ratio, GBE×CUMS interaction was significant ( F=5.45, P=0.02). The sEPSC/sIPSC ratio of CUMS+ Veh group (0.09±0.01) was lower than that of CTRL+ Veh group (0.28±0.04) ( P<0.01), and the sEPSC/sIPSC ratio of CUMS+ GBE group (0.14±0.03) was higher than that of CUMS+ Veh group ( P<0.05). Conclusion:Ginkgo biloba extract can improve the depression-like behavior of mice induced by CUMS, reduce the oxidative stress of mPFC and improve the excitation/inhibition balance of pyramidal neurons in depressive model mice.
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Objective To analyze the suspected case of demyelinating myelitis after vaccination with rabies vaccine (Vero cells) in Yichang city, and to provide a clinical basis for reducing or avoiding similar serious, suspected, and abnormal vaccination reactions after inoculation of rabies vaccine (Vero cells). Methods Epidemiological characteristics of a case of demyelinating myelitis after freeze-dried rabies vaccine (Vero cells) inoculation in Yichang City in 2017 were analyzed. Results In 2017, a case of demyelinating myelitis occurred after inoculation of freeze-dried human rabies vaccine (Vero cells) in Yichang city, which was due to the abnormal reaction of vaccination. Conclusion If abnormal signs occur after vaccination, timely medical treatment should be taken to reduce the occurrence of severe diseases and deaths.
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Objective:To evaluate the clinical efficacy of an integrated traditional Chinese and Western medication regimen on depression in the elderly.Methods:Sixty elderly patients with depression were randomly divided into two groups.The integrated traditional Chinese and Western medicine group was treated with an in-house preparation composed of traditional Chinese medicine ingredients plus Escitalopram oxalate for 4 weeks, and the control group was treated with Escitalopram oxalate for 4 weeks.The clinical efficacy was assessed by the Hamilton depression(HAMD)scale.Adverse drug reactions were assessed by the treatment emergent symptoms scale(TESS).Results:After 4 weeks of treatment, HAMD scores in both groups were decreased compared with those before treatment, with a greater reduction in HAMD scores in the integrated traditional Chinese and Western medicine group than in the control group(0.71±4.36 vs. 0.52±3.45, t=2.54, P=0.03). TESS scores were lower in the integrated traditional Chinese and Western medicine group than in the control group after 4 weeks of treatment(8.42±5.30 vs.16.01±7.02, t=3.25, P=0.02). Conclusions:Compared with Western medicine therapy alone, the integrated traditional Chinese and Western medication regimen has better efficacy and fewer adverse drug reactions for the treatment of depression in the elderly.
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Objective To select the suitable macroporous adsorption resins for enrichment and purifi-cation ferulic acid from Angelica sinensis so as to improve the product quality. Methods Macroporous ad-sorption resins were used to study the adsorption and desorption characteristics of ferulic acid. At the same time HPLC was used in detection. Results The best resin DA201 was chosen and the optimum parameters were obtained. The content of ferulic acid was increased from 0. 15% in the raw material to 25.1%. Con-clusion The material has a low cost and the operation is easy. The adsorption resins can be used again,which has a good applied foreground.