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Objective:To analyze essential health care equity in cities and counties of Hainan in order to provide the basis for its development. Methods:Based on health statistics of Hainan, China and OECD countries, indicators of essential health care equity in cities and counties were analyzed. Results:Equity in distribution of resources, the hospi-tal geographical distance is large difference, physician-to-nurse ratio is 1:1. 2, and the Gini coefficient is more than 0. 3. Equity in financing, health care spending per capita is less than the national level. Cities and counties with high government budgets for health are located in regional centers. The hospitalization costs compensation with new rural co-operative medical scheme is about 50%. Equity in service supply, bed occupancy rate below 90% and drugs accounted for 30% ~40% in most cities and counties. Regional differences in maternal and child health management are small, but below the national level. Conclusions:The situation of essential health care resources is related to the political and economic climate. Financing mechanisms for essential health care are imperfect;and a low supply of basic medical and public health services reduced the quality of essential health care. Suggestions:Rational distribution of essential health care resources should be promoted;essential health care financing should be increased;and the capability of essential health care supply should be improved.
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This study aimed to induce the differentiation of isolated and purified adipose-derived stromal cells (ADSCs) into myoblasts, which may provide a new strategy for tissue engineering in patients with stress urinary incontinence (SUI). ADSCs, isolated and cultured ex vivo, were identified by flow cytometry and induced to differentiate into myoblasts in the presence of an induction solution consisting of DMEM supplemented with 5-azacytidine (5-aza), 5% FBS, and 5% horse serum. Cellular morphology was observed under an inverted microscope. Ultrastructural changes occurring during the differentiation were observed by transmission electron microscopy and confocal laser scanning microscopy. Cellular immunohistochemical staining was applied to determine the expression of desmin protein in cells with and without induced differentiation. Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and Western blotting were used to detect mRNA and protein expression, respectively, of sarcomeric and desmin smooth muscle proteins. The results showed that ADSCs were mainly of a spindle or polygon shape. Flow cytometry analysis revealed that ADSCs did not express CD34, CD45, and CD106 but high levels of CD44 and CD90, which confirmed that the cultured cells were indeed ADSCs. After induction with a 5-aza-containing solution, morphological changes in ADSCs, including irregular cell size, were observed. Cells gradually changed from long spindles to polygons and star-shaped cells with microvilli on the cell surface. Many organelles were observed and the cytoplasm was found to contain many mitochondria, rough endoplasmic reticulum (rER), and myofilament-like structures. Cell immunohistochemical staining revealed different levels of desmin expression in each phase of the induction process, with the highest expression level found on day 28 of induction. RT-PCR and Western blot results confirmed significantly higher desmin gene expression in induced cells compared with control cells, but no significant difference between the two groups of cells in sarcomeric protein expression. It was concluded that under specific induction setting, ADSCs can be induced to differentiate into myoblasts, providing a potential new option in stem cell transplantation therapy for SUI.
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Objective To investigate the pathologic morphology and immunohistochemical phenotypes of sarcomatoid carcinoma(SC) of the fallopian tube.Methods One case of SC of the fallopian tube was studied under the light microscopy for morphology.Immunohistochemistry was used to detect the expression of CK,EMA,S-100,Desmin,SMA,Leu-7,CD68,actin,and Vimentin in SC tissues.Pathologic features and biological behaviors of SC were analyzed in combination with the review of literature.Results Microscopically carcinomatous and sarcomatous elements co-existed.Usually the sarcomatous element formed the bulk of the lesion.In the sarcomatous tissues,there was no distinguishable bone,cartilage,rhadomyosarcoma,etc. Immunohistochemically the strong expression of CK7,EMA and Vimentin,and the partial expression of S-100,SMA,Leu7,CD68 and actin were detected.Conclusion SC of the fallopian tube is lack of specific symptoms,and its preoperative diagnosis is difficult.B-ultrasonography,CT and MRI are helpful to the staging of SC.Final diagnosis of SC depends on pathological examination and immunohistochemistry.SC is rare,and undergoes blood metastasis in early stage.Prognosis of SC is worst.Early detection of SC is the key to improve the prognosis.
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Purpose:To study the expression of uPA in gestational trophoblastic cells and the relationship between uPA and the invasiveness of malignant trophoblastic tumor. Methods:73 samples from patients with gestational trophoblastic disease were harvested.In situ hybridization was employed to detect uPA expression in all of these samples. Results:① There was significant difference in the expression of uPA in cytotrophblasts among hydatidiform mole,invasive mole and choriocarcinoma(P