Age and gender related frequency of cancer in chronic cholelithiasis

To find out age and gender related frequency of cancer of the gall bladder in patients with chronic cholelithiasis. Descriptive case series. PNS Shifa Hospital Karachi for a period of 12 months. A total of 153 patients were inducted in the study who were suffering from chronic cholelithiasis and carcinoma [Ca] gall bladder. The diagnosis was confirmed by various laboratory and radiological methods. After surgical intervention the positive cases were referred to the oncologist who monitored and assessed them accordingly. Twenty-four patients had Ca Gall bladder. The youngest patient was 40 years of age and oldest of 70 years with an average of 54.8 years. The male to female ratio was 1:2. Preoperative diagnosis was made only in 4 patients. Frequency of carcinoma gall bladder peaked after 60 years in males while in females it peaked after 40 years. Although chronic cholelithiasis is predominantly a female disease but if present in males then chances of cancer is higher especially after the age of 60 years

Prevalence of sub-types and severity of red-green color vision deficiency in medical students of Karachi

The study aims to find out the prevalence of sub-types and severity of red-green color vision deficiency in medical students of Karachi. It was a cross sectional study conducted on the students of Karachi Medical and Dental College and Dow University of Health Sciences. With Convenient sampling, 550 healthy medical students [185 males and 365 females] were tested by using pseudo-isochromatic plates of 24-plates Ishihara chart. The data is presented in the form of numbers and percentages. 10 [5.4%] out of 185 males while only 01 [0.26%] out of 365 females were found to have red-green color vision deficiency. In males, 03 [1.62%] were Protans and 07 [3.78%] were Deutans. Protanomaly was detected in 01[0.54%], protanopia in 02 [1.08%], deuteranomaly in 02 [1.08%], deuteranopia in 05 [2.70%]. In females, the only case found was deuteranopia, 01 [0.26%]. By conducting screening for all medical students for diagnosing and detecting the sub-types and severity of CVD and provision of adaptive strategies and behavioral support will help them to deal with the potential difficulties, which could be overcome by awareness, self-training and effort. Moreover it is strictly advisable to avoid certain subspecialties as a career of choice

Phenyithiocarbamide taste sensitivity in a student population in Karachi

[PTC] among young adult population at Karachi. Student population of Karachi Medical and Dental College [KMDC], Karachi was included in this study. Total students consented to participate in the study were 258; 95 were males and 163 were females. They were asked to taste a drop of 0.5% solution of PTC, which was then spit out and mouth was rinsed with water. Out of 258 students, 41[15.89%] were found to be non-taster to PTC. Among 95 males, 19 [20%] were non-tasters and among 163 females, 22 [13.5%] were found non-taster to FTC. In young adult population of Karachi, 15.89% are non-taster to PTC. Males have 20% non-tasters and females have 13.5% non-tasters among them. Males have more non-tasters among them as compared with the females