ABSTRACT
Biochemistry is not only a basic course for biology majors, but also one of the fastest growing frontier courses. Facing the complicated system of biochemistry, the traditional teaching mode exposes many problems, and the teaching effect is not good. With the development of Internet technology, " Internet +" education has developed rapidly. Online courses such as MOOCs and micro-courses provide many colleges and universities with rich learning resources. Online courses such as Dingding Classroom, Tengxun Classroom, Rain Classroom, and WeChat exchange platform also allow students to achieve synchronous learning conveniently. Online teaching has become the main teaching mode of colleges and universities across the country during the COVID-19 epidemic. However, after several years of promotion, pure online teaching has also exposed many problems in terms of teaching effect. In order to give full play to the respective advantages of online and offline teaching, blended teaching has become a new direction. South China Agricultural University began to cooperate with Wisdom Tree Platform in early 2019 to establish the MOOC of biochemistry. During the COVID-19 outbreak in 2020, the online mixed teaching mode of “MOOC + online meet course” is used in teaching. Teaching feedback results showed that "MOOC + online meet course" can be more generally recognized by students than relying solely on MOOC learning. This teaching mode improves students′ learning interest and initiative, improves teaching quality and learning effect, and provides a reference for the application of "MOOC + offline course" in the future.
ABSTRACT
Humans have been struggling for two centuries to reduce the health and economic burden caused by pneumococcal infection. Invasive pneumococcal disease （IPD）， meningitis， and acute otitis media caused by pneumococcus occur worldwide， especially in infants， children and elderly. Pneumococcus is resistant to most antibiotics and vaccines remain the most effective measure against the pneumococcal epidemic. The development of the pneumococcal vaccine was initiated at the beginning of 21 century. In 2014， incidence and mortality of pneumococcal pneumonia and IPD induced by vaccine serotypes decreased accordingly after the introduction of 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine （PCV）. Subsequently， the new challenge is to further improve the low response of some existing vaccine serotypes， include more serotypes in the PCV， and research on the application of PCV in specific populations. This review briefly describes the development of PCV.
ABSTRACT
Objective@#To investigate the effects of transrectal ultrasound conductance (TRUSC)-guided administration of traditional Chinese medicine on histological prostatitis in men with small-size BPH and low urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) after transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP).@*METHODS@#This study included 167 BPH patients without surgical contraindications. We randomized the patients into an experimental group (n = 84) and a control group (n = 83), with no statistically significant differences between the two groups in age, prostate volume, International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS), and quality of life (QoL) (P >0.05). The patients of the experimental group received TRUSC-guided administration of traditional Chinese medicine, qd, for 7 days before TURP, while those of the control group underwent TURP only. After treatment, we compared the results of postoperative pathological examination of the prostate tissue, the histological grade of inflammation, IPSS, and QoL scores between the two groups of patients.@*RESULTS@#In the experimental group, there were 12 cases of non-inflammation (14.3%), 43 cases of mild inflammation (51.2%), 28 cases of moderate inflammation (33.3%), and 1 case of severe inflammation (1.2%), as compared with 8 cases of non-inflammation (9.6%), 28 cases of mild inflammation (33.7%), 45 cases of moderate inflammation (51.8%), and 2 cases of severe inflammation (2.4%) in the control group (P <0.05). Compared with the baseline, both the experimental and control groups showed significant improvement at 4 weeks after surgery in IPSS (22.20±4.14 vs 4.26±2.64 and 23.05±4.11 vs 7.02±4.15, P <0.05) and QoL scores (4.33±0.83 vs 1.25±1.64 and 4.25±0.91 vs 2.05±1.95, P <0.05).@*CONCLUSIONS@#TRUSC-guided administration of traditional Chinese medicine can significantly alleviate histological inflammation and improve QoL in men with small-size BPH and LUTS after TURP.