ABSTRACT
Glioma remains the most common malignant tumor in the brain and is also the most difficult to treat. Immunotherapy achieving long-lasting tumor remission in multiple cancer types has received considerable attention due to its potential to improve the treatment outcomes of patients with glioma. However, clinical trials have not yet demonstrated major improvements in prognoses, which might be attributable to the extrinsic components and intrinsic mechanisms involved in the tumor microenvironment and immune system. It is particularly noteworthy that there is emerging evidence that current routine treatment modalities and the physical and psychological characteristics of patients have different impacts on the efficacy of glioma immunotherapy. This article addresses how these factors interact with the host immune system and tumor microenvironment, and highlights their potential roles in glioma immunotherapy, with the ultimate goal of developing better immunotherapybased personalized medicine strategies.
ABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To assess the feasibility superselective embolization using microcatheters in treatment of intravertebral canal vascular malformation.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>In 128 patients with intravertebral canals vascular malformation, their AVMS or fistulae were treated with silk thread, Ivalon microspheres or tungsten microcoils.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>In the 128 patients, 120 fistulae disappeared completely, but 8 were embolized 60% - 80%. Symptoms were improved in 113 patients. Improved muscular strength from grade I to IV was obtained in 8 patients, from grade II to III in 32, from grade III to IV in 32, and from grade IV to V in 41. The symptoms did not change in 15 patients.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Superselective embolization through microcatheter is effective in the treatment of intraspinal canal vascular malformations.</p>
Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Child , Child, Preschool , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Arteriovenous Malformations , Diagnosis , Therapeutics , Embolization, Therapeutic , Methods , Spinal CanalABSTRACT
Objectives:To discuss clinical significance of enternal nutrition of Nutrison fibre in neurosurgical coma patients. Methods:The study group(20 cases,GCS≤5) was fed gastrically with Nutrison fibre by a nasal feeding tube, and the control group(20 cases,GCS≤5) was supported with common fluid diet.In all cases,triceps skin fold,blood sugar,albumin,total lymphocyte count,complications and nitrogen balance were observed. Results:There were not significant differences between the study group and the control group in nutritional status,but the rate of complication in study group was obviously lower than that in control group. Conclutions:Enteral nutrition with Nutrison fibre can decrease the complications in nurosurgical coma patients and improve the quality of life.