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Objective:To explore the types, gene mutation types and constituent ratio of thalassemia in Xiaoshan area of Hangzhou, and to analyze the value of test index of erythrocyte parameter calculation formula (Matos & Carvalho Index, MCI) in differential diagnosis.Methods:Using the method of retrospective analysis, 150 cases of thalassemia and 124 cases of iron deficiency anemia treated in Xiaoshan Hospital Affiliated to Hangzhou Normal University from January 2019 to April 2021 were included in the study to collect the diagnostic results of α and β-thalassemia genes, ferritin and erythrocyte parameters, the test indexes were compared and analyzed, and the value of MCI in differentiating thalassemia from iron deficiency anemia was analyzed.Results:In 150 cases of thalassemia, there were 58 cases of α-thalassemia (38.67%), of which 8 cases (5.33%) were complicated with iron deficiency; there were 88 cases of β-thalassemia (58.67%), of which 3 cases (2.00%) were complicated with iron deficiency; αβ-compound thalassemia occurred in 4 cases (2.67%). The proportion of α-thalassemia was lower than β-thalassemia, the difference was statistically significant (χ 2 = 12.01, P = 0.001) . Four kinds of α-thalassemia allele were detected in 58 cases of α-thalassemia, mainly -- SEA, a total of 48 cases (82.76%); eight gene mutation types were detected in 88 cases of β-thalassemia, of which CD41-42 was the most, a total of 33 cases (37.50%). The basic parameters of β-thalassemia, red blood cell (RBC), hemoglobin (HGB) and red blood cell specific volume (HCT) were lower than those of α-thalassemia ( t = - 2.88, - 3.49, - 4.33, P < 0.05); mean hemoglobin concentration (MCHC) and red cell volume distribution width (RDW) were higher than those of α-thalassemia ( t = 3.22, 2.43, P < 0.05). The MCI value of thalassemia group was significantly higher than that of iron deficiency anemia group (23.14 ± 1.73 vs 20.47 ± 1.45, t = 13.61, P < 0.001). The area under the curve of MCI (AUC) = 0.885. The diagnostic cut-off point was set according to the maximum Jorden index method (0.594). The diagnostic cut-off point in this study was 21.375, with a sensitivity of 82.0% and specificity of 77.4%. Conclusions:The genotyping of thalassemia in Xiaoshan area of Hangzhou indicates that β-thalassemia is dominant, with the most mutations in CD41-42 genotype, followed by α-thalassemia, with -- SEA genotype mutation most. MCI has great screening value in identifying small cell anemia.
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Objective:To investigate the predictive value of YKL-40 at admission on stroke-associated pneumonia (SAP) and poor outcome in patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS).Methods:Patients with AIS admitted to Taixing People’s Hospital from February 2020 to March 2021 were enrolled prospectively. The poor outcome was defined as 3-6 points on the modified Rankin Scale at 90 d after onset. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to determine the independent predictors of SAP and poor outcome, and the predictive value of serum YKL-40 on SAP and poor outcome was evaluated by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. Results:A total of 377 patients with AIS were enrolled. The median serum YKL-40 was 127.16 μg/L. One hundred and four patients (27.6%) had SAP, and 126 (33.4%) had poor outcomes at 90 d after onset. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that after adjusting for confounding factors, YKL-40 was the independent predictors of SAP (odds ratio [ OR] 1.005, 95% confidence interval [ CI] 1.003-1.008; P=0.001) and poor outcome at 90 d ( OR 1.009, 95% CI 1.006-1.011; P=0.001). The ROC curve analysis showed that the area under the curve of YKL-40 for predicting SAP was 0.769 (95% CI 0.713-0.824; P<0.001), the best cutoff value was 168.70 μg/L, and the sensitivity and specificity were 71.2% and 75.1% respectively; the area under the curve of YKL-40 for predicting poor outcome at 90 d was 0.787 (95% CI 0.735-0.840; P<0.001), the best cutoff value was 195.56 μg/L, and the sensitivity and specificity were 68.3% and 84.1% respectively. Conclusion:Higher serum YKL-40 at admission has a good predictive value for SAP and poor outcome at 90 d in patients with AIS.
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Objectives To investigate the effects of different degrees of carotid artery stenosis on cognitive function and neuronal apoptosis of hippocampal CA1 region in rats and to analyze the possible mechanisms of cognitive impairment. Methods According to the random number table,50 male Wistar rats were allocated into a sham operation group,a unilateral mild stenosis group,a unilateral moderate stenosis group,a unilateral severe stenosis group,a bilateral mild stenosis group,a bilateral moderate stenosis group, a bilateral severe stenosis group,and a sham operation group. Aneedle-controlled suture method was used to induce a carotid stenosis model with different degrees of stenosis in rats. Water maze was to localize navigation and spatial search test was used to evaluate the cognitive function with different degrees of carotid artery stenosis in rats. Immunohistochemical method was used to observe the numbers of positive cells of P75 neurotrophin receptor (p75NTR),Bax,Bcl-2,neurotrophic factor-3 (NT-3 ),nerve growth factor (NGF)in hippocampal CA1 region under the light microscope. The conditions of neuronal apoptosis were observed. Results In 50 rats,6 died,1 rat in poor health failed to complete the Morris water maze test. The degree of bilateral carotid artery stenosis in 1 rat failed to meet 30%-60% at the same time,they were all removed. The remaining 42 rats were 6 in each group. (1)Compared with the sham operation group,the mean escape latency was prolonged (39 ± 6 s,32 ± 5 s,69 ± 7 s,respectively vs. 23 ± 4 s;all P < 0. 01),and the percentage of swimming distance in the platform quadrant was decreased (35 ± 4%,44 ± 4%,22 ± 5%,respectively vs. 53 ± 7%;all P < 0. 01),and the cognitive function was decreased with the degree of stenosis in the unilateral severe stenosis group,bilateral moderate stenosis group,and bilateral severe stenosis group. Compared with the unilateral severe stenosis group,the mean escape latency was prolonged and the percentage of swimming distance in the platform quadrant was decreased in the bilateral severe stenosis group (P < 0. 01). (2)Compared with the numbers of positive cells of Bax,p75NTR and Bcl-2 (8. 8 ± 3. 1,4. 2 ± 2. 3,and 5. 8 ± 1. 8,respectively)in the sham operation group,the numbers of positive cells of Bax,p75NTR,and Bcl-2 were increased (25. 5 ± 3. 5,11. 0 ± 2. 2,12. 3 ± 2. 7;15. 8 ± 3. 7,8. 9 ± 2. 2, 10. 5 ± 2. 9;and 47. 9 ± 6. 3,24. 7 ± 3. 0,12. 8 ± 2. 5,respectively)in the unilateral severe stenosis group, bilateral moderate stenosis group,and bilateral severe stenosis group (all P < 0. 01). The numbers of Bax and p75NTR positive cells were increased with the degree of stenosis. When the stenosis was severe,the numbers of Bax and p75NTR positive cells were increased in the bilateral severe stenosis group compared with those of the unilateral severe stenosis group (P < 0. 01). The numbers of NGF and NT-3 positive cells in each stenosis group had an increased trend compared with sham operation group,but there were no significant differences (F =1. 034,and 1. 358;P = 0. 420 and 0. 259 respectively). Conclusions Carotid stenosis can cause cognitive disorder in rats,and it is correlated with the degree of carotid stenosis. Ischemia caused neuronal apoptosis in hippocampal CA1 region may be one of the mechanisms of cognitive impairment after carotid artery stenosis in rats.
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Objective To investigate the effects of intensive antihypertensive treatment and guidelinerecommended standard blood pressure control on early reperfusion and outcomes after intravenous recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (rtPA) thrombolysis in patients with acute ischemic stroke.Methods A total of 50 patients with acute ischemic stroke (systolic blood pressure,150-185 mmHg;1 mmHg=0.133 kPa) and received intravenous rtPA therapy were enrolled prospectively.They were randomly divided into either a intensive antihypertensive treatment group or a guideline antihypertensive treatment group.In the the intensive antihypertensive treatment group,systolic blood pressure was decreased to 140-150 mmHg in 60 min for at least 72 h.In the guideline antihypertensive treatment group,systolic blood pressure was decreased to the target value ＜ 180 mmHg according to the guideline recommendation.Multi-mode MRI was completed at 24 h before and after thrombolysis.The primary endpoints were the modified Rankin Scale (mRS) score at day 90 and the mortality at day 90;the secondary endpoints were the early reperfusion rate in ischemic brain tissue,recanalization rate,and incidence of symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage.Results There was no significant difference in demographics and baseline data between the 2 groups.Within 24,48,and 72 h after thrombolysis the mean systolic blood pressure in the intensive antihypertensive treatment group was significantly lower than those in the guideline antihypertensive treatment group,while there was no significant difference in diastolic blood pressure.There were no significant differences in favorable outcome rate at day 90 (mRS score 0-2:68％ vs.64％;x2 =0-089,P=0.765),mortality (4％ vs.12％;x2 =1.087,P=0.297),incidence of symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage (4％ vs.8％;x2 =0.355,P =0.552),reperfusion rate after thrombolysis (76％ vs.68％;x2 =0.397,P =0.529),and recanalization rate (56％ vs.52％;x2 =0.081,P =0.777) between the intensive antihypertensive treatment group and the guideline antihypertensive treatment group.Conclusions Early intensive antihypertensive treatment in patients with acute ischemic stroke received intravenous rtPA thrombolysis does not have adverse effect on reperfusion rate,and does not increase the risk of death or disability either.
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Objective To investigate the value of bone marrow imprints in the cytomorphology diagnosis.Methods A total of 354 cases of bone marrow smears,imprints,and sections were analyzed from January 2011 to December 2013 to detect morphological diagnosis difference.Results Bone marrow imprints in groups of extremely reduced,significantly reduced,normal,slightly increased,increased significantly,and extreme increase were better than that of smear which nucleated cells quantity assessment(P ＜ 0.01).Smears and imprints were similar (P ＞0.05).Imprints nucleated cell number decreased mostly were the same as smear,but smear reduced imprints mostly normal or increased.The bone marrow sections nucleated cells quantity as the standard,smears and imprints had high coincidence rate in the group of nucleated cells reduced (87.5％ and 96.9％),and imprints were higher than smear in the group of nucleated cells quantity in normal and increased(87.8％ and 95.7％ vs 68.3％ and 55.8％),and the difference was statistically significant.Imprints were better than smear in specificity,Youden index,and sensitivity.Patients with plasma cell myeloma (PCM) imprint plasma cell volume and immature plasma cells were higher than that of smear (42.73 ± 10.47 and 13.60 ± 4.83 vs 24.67 ± 11.18 and 11.07 ± 5.82) with a statistically significant difference (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions Imprints have characteristics both smear and sections,and imprints are superior to smears in assessment of nucleated cells and tumor cell invasion degree.Smear combined with imprints can improve the diagnosis level of bone marrow cell cytomorphology.