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Objective:To investigate the application and effect of the virtual reality (VR) combined with the augmented reality (AR) integrated teaching system in stomatology general medical education of clinical medicine students.Methods:A total of 160 undergraduates from the five-year clinical medicine Batch 2015 of Naval Medical University were randomly divided into VR+AR group and traditional group, with 80 students in each group. A comparative analysis was made on the previous and teaching achievements of the two groups of students, and a questionnaire survey was conducted after the completion of the class. Epidata 3.0 was used to input questionnaire data, and SPSS 23.0 software was used to carry out t test, chi-square test and Fisher precision test. Results:There was no statistical difference in written test scores between the VR+AR group and the traditional group [(52.65±3.76) vs. (51.90±3.46), P=0.516], but the VR+AR group was significantly higher than the traditional group in case analysis scores [(35.85±2.56) vs. (31.40±2.96), P < 0.001] and overall performance [(88.50±4.95) vs. (83.30±4.86), P= 0.002]. The questionnaire survey results showed that the scores of "teaching mode" [(92.30±6.90) vs. (85.20±7.30), P<0.001], "teaching method" [(91.70±5.90) vs. (86.00±6.70), P=0.012] and "teaching improvement" [(90.70± 8.70) vs. (82.30±8.40), P<0.001] in VR + AR group were significantly higher than those in the traditional teaching group. Conclusion:The VR combined with AR integrated teaching system can significantly improve teaching performance and teaching quality, and is convenient for teaching demonstrations and simulation operations in small oral spaces, and is especially suitable for oral general medical education for clinical medicine.
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OBJECTIVE： To provide reference for strengthening the construction of retail pharmacy pharmacists and ensure safe and rational use of drugs. METHODS： A simple random sampling method was used to determine 18 cities （counties） in Guizhou province as survey sites to visits all retail drugstores one by one. According to the Pharmacist Pharmaceutical Care Competency Evaluation Standard（Trail） issued by the Chinese Pharmacists Association， questionnaire survey and face-to-face interviews were conducted with licensed pharmacists in Guizhou province’s retail pharmacies， and multiple linear regressions were conducted on the factors affecting the pharmacy’s pharmaceutical care competency. RESULTS： A total of 943 retail pharmacies in Guizhou province were visited， and 270 licensed pharmacists were investigated. The total self-assessment score of pharmaceutical care competence was （79.62±11.23）， with 11.5％ of undergraduate education and above， and 53.0％ of pharmacy related majors. Among self-assessment score of pharmaceutical care competency， score of basic knowledge item such as foreign language knowledge， statistical knowledge and computer knowledge was the lowest， followed by clinical thinking ability and drug treatment evaluation ability. The results of multiple linear regression showed that age had significant influence on the scores of basic skills and professional knowledge. The influence of academic qualifications on personal accomplishment， basic knowledge， basic skills， professional knowledge and professional skills score was statistically significant； the influence of professional and technical positions on total score， personal accomplishment， basic skills and professional skills score was statistically significant （P＜0.05）. CONCLUSIONS： The overall educational level of licensed pharmacists in Guizhou retail pharmacies is low and their professional level is limited. It is suggested that the supervision of licensed pharmacists should be strengthened and the access conditions of licensed pharmacists should be improved； the education and training of professional competency of licensed pharmacists in pharmaceutical care should be strengthened， the functional orientation of licensed pharmacists in retail pharmacies should be clarified， and public safety and rational drug use should be effectively guaranteed.
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Objective To understand the prevalence and distribution of hypertension in population aged 15 years and over in Guizhou province and provide evidence for the prevention and management of hypertension.Methods Face to face interviews using national standard questionnaire were conducted among the study subjects selected in Guizhou through multi-stage random sampling.Blood pressure measurement for them was done with Omron HEM-1300 professional portable blood pressure monitor.SPSS 19.0 software was used for statistical analysis.The ratio was compared by the x2 test.The influencing factors of hypertension was analyzed by multivariate logistic regression analysis.Results A total of 13 480 participants were investigated,including 5 509 (40.8％) men and 7 971 (59.2％) women;6 558 (48.6％) urban residents and 6 922 (51.4％) rural residents.Among the subjects surveyed,3 232 (23.9％) were smokers,2 412 (17.9％) were alcoholic and 4 859 (36.0％) were obese or overweight.A total of 3 937 (29.2％) hypertension patients were found.The prevalence of hypertension was 29.2％.The standardized prevalence of hypertension were 18.97％ (compared with national population composition) and 21.16％ (compared with Guizhou province population composition),respectively.The hypertension prevalence in men and women were 29.8％ and 28.8％,respectively.The hypertension prevalence in rural population (35.8％) was higher than that in urban population (22.2％).The difference was statistically significant (P＜0.001).The hypertension prevalence in people aged 65 years and over was 56.2％.The prevalence of hypertension were 34.3％ and 27.6％ in smokers and non-smokers,39.2％ and 27.0％ in alcoholic and non-alcoholic and 40.7％ and 22.7％ in obese or overweight group and normal or less weight group,respectively.There were significant statistical differences in prevalence of hypertension among the population in urban area and rural area,with different age,education levels,smoking status,drinking status and BMI (P＜0.001).Conclusions The prevalence of hypertension in Guizhou was at a high level.The hypertension prevalence in rural area was higher than that in urban area.Hypertension prevalence increased significantly with age.The prevalence of hypertension was negatively associated with the education level of the people.Older age,living in rural area,smoking,drinking,obesity were the risk factors for hypertension.
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Objective To understand the prevalence and distribution of hypertension in population aged 15 years and over in Guizhou province and provide evidence for the prevention and management of hypertension.Methods Face to face interviews using national standard questionnaire were conducted among the study subjects selected in Guizhou through multi-stage random sampling.Blood pressure measurement for them was done with Omron HEM-1300 professional portable blood pressure monitor.SPSS 19.0 software was used for statistical analysis.The ratio was compared by the x2 test.The influencing factors of hypertension was analyzed by multivariate logistic regression analysis.Results A total of 13 480 participants were investigated,including 5 509 (40.8％) men and 7 971 (59.2％) women;6 558 (48.6％) urban residents and 6 922 (51.4％) rural residents.Among the subjects surveyed,3 232 (23.9％) were smokers,2 412 (17.9％) were alcoholic and 4 859 (36.0％) were obese or overweight.A total of 3 937 (29.2％) hypertension patients were found.The prevalence of hypertension was 29.2％.The standardized prevalence of hypertension were 18.97％ (compared with national population composition) and 21.16％ (compared with Guizhou province population composition),respectively.The hypertension prevalence in men and women were 29.8％ and 28.8％,respectively.The hypertension prevalence in rural population (35.8％) was higher than that in urban population (22.2％).The difference was statistically significant (P＜0.001).The hypertension prevalence in people aged 65 years and over was 56.2％.The prevalence of hypertension were 34.3％ and 27.6％ in smokers and non-smokers,39.2％ and 27.0％ in alcoholic and non-alcoholic and 40.7％ and 22.7％ in obese or overweight group and normal or less weight group,respectively.There were significant statistical differences in prevalence of hypertension among the population in urban area and rural area,with different age,education levels,smoking status,drinking status and BMI (P＜0.001).Conclusions The prevalence of hypertension in Guizhou was at a high level.The hypertension prevalence in rural area was higher than that in urban area.Hypertension prevalence increased significantly with age.The prevalence of hypertension was negatively associated with the education level of the people.Older age,living in rural area,smoking,drinking,obesity were the risk factors for hypertension.
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Objective:To analyze the effect of rosuvastatin combination probucol on patients with carotid atherosclerotic plaque.Methods:Chosen patients with carotid atherosclerotic plaque in our hospital as research subjects, randomly assigned to control group received probucol alone and observation group received rosuvastatin combined probucol, compared IMT and OX-LDL levels inflammatory factors levels, incidence of adverse. Results:1)Observation group patients’ IMT and ox-LDL levels after treatment were significantly lower than control group patients(t=4.327,t=5.783;P<0.05); 2)Observation group patients’ hs-CRP, IL-6 and MMP-9 levels after treatment were significantly lower than control group patients (t=6.422,t=5.184,t=5.291;P<0.05); 3)Follow-up of 5 years, observation group patients vascular occlusion, plaque off , brain stem rate were significantly lower than control group patients (x2=4.827, x2=5.894,x2=5.937;P<0.05).Conclusion: Rosuvastatin can effectively reduce joint Probucol carotid atherosclerosis intima-media thickness sclerosis patients and reduce the level of oxidized LDL, inflammatory cytokines optimization, and ultimately reduce the incidence of adverse events, with positive clinical significance.
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Medical service system integration follows the logic of system innovation and development.Case studies of the UK,the USA and Australia found that medical delivery system integration is the product of a series of mixed factors.Health care financing and payment mechanism reform,physician team building,stair-cased movement to grassroots of healthcare service,shared clinical norms utilization as well as its gradual development constitute the general logic of such an integration.In the evolution process,the check and balance between the government and market,equity and efficiency have been affecting the integration process all the way.In light of these logics,China should speed up its transform of the integration concept,improve the integration elements,and strengthen the guidance of integration principles during its integration of the medical service integration.
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Objective: To investigate the effects of hyperbaric oxygen(HB0_2) on black pigmented bacteroides groups(BPB), obligately and facultatively anaerobes of periodontitis. Methods: 60 periodontitis cases were divided into 2 groups. The HB0_2 group(gingival scaling was done at the first visit)was exposed in 0.25 MPa pure oxygen 90 minutes each day, and treated 10 days continuously. The control group received gingival scaling at the first visit. The clinical indices of each group were measured. The microorganisms in periodontal pocket were incubated and analyzed. The number of subgingival anaerobes as well as the number of BPB,obligately and facultatively anaerobes were measured and counted by routine anaerobic culture. Results: Highly significant differences in Gingival Indices (GI), Probing Depth (PD), Attachment Loss (AL), and also significant differences in Plaque Index (PLI),and teeth mobility were seen between the HB0_2 group and the control group. There were significant difference of PLI, GI,PD,AL, teeth mobility in HB0_2 group pre-therapy and post-therapy. There were significant difference of subgingival anaerobes amounts, obligately and facultatively anaerobes sorts between pre-therapy and post-therapy. The positive rate of BPB of group HB0_2 post-therapy were reduced more than that of pre-therapy(P<0.01). Conclusion: HB0_2 has beneficial therapeutic effects on chronic and aggressive periodontitis. The mechanism of the HB0_2 therapy might inhibit the growth of subgingival obligately and facultatively anaerobes and BPB of human periodontitis, especially the obligately anaerobes and BPB in periodontal pockets.
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Objective To investigate the association of high-sensitivity C-reactive protein(hs-CRP) with the abnormality of glucose metabolism in patients with essential hypertension.Methods Based on the level of fast plasma glucose(FPG) and 2-hours-plasma glucose(2hPG),120 patients with essential hypertension were divided into 3 groups:Normal glucose tolerance group(NGT),impaired glucose tolerance group(IGT)and diabetes mellitus group (DM).The hs-CRP was measured.Results The level of hs-CRP gradually increased from NGT to DM groups(P＜0.05).The level of hs-CRP was positively correlated with SBP,DBP,2hPG and FPG in patients with essential hypertension(r =0.48,0.37,0.46,0.31,P＜0.05).Conclusion The abnormality of glucose metabolism in patients with essential hypertension was related with hs-CRP.
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Objective To investigate the relationship between high-sensitivity C-reactive protein(hsCRP), pulse pressure(PP) and microalbuminuria(MAU) in patients with essential hypertension.Methods Consecutive 60 patients with essential hypertension were classified based on the MAU level:patients with MAU(n=30) and the group of patients with normoalbuminuria(NMAU,n=30) with 30 healthy subjects as control.MAU,hsCRP,PP were determined.Results The level of hsCRP and pulse pressure in MAU group were higher than those in NMAU patients and healthy subjects (P
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Objective To analyze and evaluate the effect of three-dimensional reconstruction of mandible and its relevant influencing factors, in order to provide references for research and application based on three-dimensional reconstruction of mandible. Methods Layered anatomic information of a mandible specimen was collected by CT scanning and then three-dimensional reconstruction of the mandible was carried out by software. Anterior-posterior dimension of the ramus and the thickness of the corpus of both the three-dimensional reconstructed model and the specimen of the mandible were measured and compared to evaluate the effect of three-dimensional reconstruction. Results High resolution of three-dimensional reconstruction was gained by CT scanning. Statistical analysis showed that there had been no difference of the measurement between the three-dimensional reconstructed model and the specimen. Conclusion Three-dimensional reconstruction of the mandible based on CT scanning could get good reconstruction effect and could meet the need of relevant research and clinical application that based on three-dimensional reconstruction of the mandible.
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Objective To investigate the rational method of treatment of rectal carcinoid and its outcome.Methods The clinical data of 36 cases of rectal carcinoid were retrospectively analysed.Results During a follow-up of 82.6+/-63.4 months,there were no cases with recurrence among the 20 patients with tumor size2cm.Conclusions Tumor diametar can be used to estimate the degree of malignancy of rectal carcinoid.TNM staging is simpler and practical for deciding the method of surgical treatment.
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Objective:To evaluate the biological safety of the sustained release bistratal drug film of dexamethasoni acetate (DA). Methods:A series of tests, including acute toxicity test, cytotoxity test (agar overlay), oral mucous membrane irritation test and haemolysis test were conducted. Results:Cytotoxic effect was not observed, nor was toxic effect in mouse toxicity test. The haemolysis rate of this material was 0.46%. Local mucous membrane irritation reaction was not found. Conclusion:The drug film of DA shows excellent biocompatibility on the preliminary tests.
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Objective:To evaluate the therapeutic effect of sustained release bistratal drus film containing dexamethasoni acetate (DA) in treatment of oral ulcer. Methods:Totally 667(231 cases as control group) patients (June 1998 to September 2001) with recurrent aphthous ulcer, lichen planus, radio catarrh were studied randomly to evaluate the therapeatic effect in a single blind random way. Results:The effective rates of treated group and control group were 96.1% and 28.6%, respectively, and the difference between 2 groups was significant ( P