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In the context of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), characterized by dysregulated lipid metabolism in hepatocytes, the quest for safe and effective therapeutics targeting lipid metabolism has gained paramount importance. Sanhuang Xiexin Tang (SXT) and Baihu Tang (BHT) have emerged as prominent candidates for treating metabolic disorders. SXT combined with BHT plus Cangzhu (SBC) has been used clinically for Weihuochisheng obese patients. This retrospective analysis focused on assessing the anti-obesity effects of SBC in Weihuochisheng obese patients. We observed significant reductions in body weight and hepatic lipid content among obese patients following SBC treatment. To gain further insights, we investigated the effects and underlying mechanisms of SBC in HFD-fed mice. The results demonstrated that SBC treatment mitigated body weight gain and hepatic lipid accumulation in HFD-fed mice. Pharmacological network analysis suggested that SBC may affect lipid metabolism, mitochondria, inflammation, and apoptosis-a hypothesis supported by the hepatic transcriptomic analysis in HFD-fed mice treated with SBC. Notably, SBC treatment was associated with enhanced hepatic mitochondrial biogenesis and the inhibition of the c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK)/nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) and extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK)/NF-κB pathways. In conclusion, SBC treatment alleviates NAFLD in both obese patients and mouse models by improving lipid metabolism, potentially through enhancing mitochondrial biogenesis. These effects, in turn, ameliorate inflammation in hepatocytes.
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Humans , Mice , Animals , Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease/metabolism , NF-kappa B/metabolism , Organelle Biogenesis , Retrospective Studies , Mice, Inbred C57BL , Obesity/metabolism , Liver , Inflammation/metabolism , Body Weight , Lipid Metabolism , Lipids , Diet, High-Fat/adverse effectsABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE：To esta blish a UPLC fingerprint of Pyrrosia petiolosa from southwest China ，and to determine the contents of 4 kinds of phenolic acids （neochlorogenic acid ，caffeic acid ，chlorogenic acid and cryptochlorogenic acid ）. METHODS：The determination was performed on Waters Cortecs T 3 C18 column（100 mm×2.1 mm，1.6 μm）with mobile phase consisted of methanol- 0.1％ phosphoric acid （gradient elution ）at the flow rate of 0.35 mL/min. The detection wavelength was set at 326 nm. The column temperature was 30 ℃，and injection volume was 1 μL. UPLC method was used to establish the UPLC fingerprint of P. petiolosa in combination with the Similarity Evaluation System of TCM Chromatographic Fingerprints （2012 edition）. Cluster analysis and principle component analysis （PCA）were performed by using SPSS 20.0 software. The contents of 4 kinds of phenolic acids in 20 batches of P. petiolosa were determined by external standard method. RESULTS ：There were 9 common peaks for the UPLC fingerprint of P. petiolosa . Peaks 1，3，4，5 and 9 were identified as neochlorogenic acid ，caffeic acid，chlorogenic acid ，cryptochlorogenic acid and isochlorogenic acid C ，respectively. RSDs of the relative retention time of each peak in different batches of P. petiolosa were 0-0.68％，and the RSDs of the relative peak area were 0-62.35％. The similarities between the fingerprint of 20 batches of medicinal materials and the control chromatogram were not less than 0.990. The result of cluster analysis showed that P. petiolosa from different regions could be sorted into three species. Results of PCA showed the differences among P. petiolosa from different regions. The linear range of neochlorogenic acid ，caffeic acid ，chlorogenic acid and cryptochlorogenic acid were 0.61-61.41，0.18-17.60，2.00-200.11，0.62-61.51 μ g/mL （R2＞0.999 9）. RSDs of precision ， reproducibility and stability tests were all lower than 2.00％. The recoveries were 96.23％-98.17％（RSD＝0.96％-2.28％， n＝6）. Among 20 batches of samples ，the contents of above 4 kinds of phenolic acids were 0.385 3-1.891 9，0.018 0-0.129 5，2.569 5-10.676 0，0.563.5-1.860 5 mg/g. CONCLUSIONS ： The established UPL C fingerprint could reflect the main chemical constituents of P. pedunculata . Phenolic acids could be used as the main evaluation indexes for the quality of P. petiolosa . The quality order of P. petiolosa from southwest China was Chongqing product＞Sichuan product ＞Guizhou product.
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OBJECTIVE：Compare the fingerprint difference of Vaccariae Semen before and after processed （stir-fried），and to determine the contents of erythrine and vaccarin before and after stir-fried. METHODS ：UPLC method was adopted. The determination was performed on YMC Trait C 18 column with mobile phase consisted of acetonitrile-water （gradient elution ）at the flow rate of 0.35 mL/min. The detection wavelength was set at 219 nm，and the column temperature was 35 ℃. The sample size was 1 μL. Using vaccarin as reference，the fingerprints of Vaccariae Semen crude product and its processed product （each of 17 batches，S1-S17，CS18-CS34） were drawn. The similarity evaluation and common peak identification were carried out by Similarity Evaluation System of TCM Chromatographic Fingerprint （2012 edition）；cluster analysis ，principle component analysis （PCA）and factor analysis were performed by using SPSS 20.0 software. The contents of erythrine and vaccarin in Vaccariae Semen crude product and its processed product were determined by UPLC. RESULTS ：There were 5 common peaks in UPLC fingerprints of 17 batches of Vaccariae Semen crude product and its processed product. The similarities were all higher than 0.99. Among them ， 2 common peaks were identified ，i.e. erythrine ，vaccarin. Results of cluster analysis showed that S 1-S17 were clustered into one category and CS 18-CS34 were clustered into one category. Results of PCA and factor analysis showed that variance contribution rate of the first principle component was 76.418％；erythrine and vaccarin had higher loading on the first principal component （eigenvalues were 0.976 and 0.966，respectively）. The linear ranges of above 2 components were 6.437-321.832 μg/mL and 7.729-386.437 μg/mL，respectively（r＞0.999）. The limits of detection and quantitation were 0.085，0.284 ng （crude product） and 0.739， 2.465 ng （processed product ）， respectively. RSDs of precision ，reproducibility，stability（12 h）and durability tests were all lower than 3％（n＝6 or n＝5）. E-mail：1083656123@qq.com Average recoveries were 96.42％（RSD＝0.85％，n＝6）and 99.13％（RSD＝1.74％，n＝6）. The contents of the two components were 0.11％-0.20％，0.42％-0.63％（crude product ）and 0.08％-0.11％，0.34％-0.50％（processed product ）. CONCLUSIONS ：UPLC fingerprint of Vaccariae Semen crude product and its processed product are established successfully. Although the chemical constituents in Vaccariae Semen are consistent before and after stir-fried ，the contents of erythrine and vaccarin are all decreased after stir-fried.
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OBJECTIVE：To provide reference for the identification of Chebulae Fructus and Chebulae Fructus Immaturus . METHODS：UPLC method was adopted. The determination was performed on Waters Cortecs T 3 C18 column with mobile phase consisted of acetonitrile- 0.2％ phosphoric acid solution （gradient elution ）at the flow rate of 0.35 mL/min. The column temperature was 30 ℃，and the detection wavelength was set at 270 nm. The sample size was 1 μL. Using gallic acid as reference，UPLC fingerprints of 17 batches of Chebulae Fructus and 14 batches of Chebulae Fructus Immaturus were established and their similarity was evaluated by TCM Chromatographic Fingerprint Similarity Evaluation System （2012 edition）. By comparing substance control ， UV absorption spectrum and related literaturs ，common peaks were identified. PCA and PLS-DA were performed by using SPSS 20.0 and SIMCA 14.1 software. The contents of main difference components in Chebulae Fructus and Chebulae Fructus Immaturus were determined by above UPLC method and compared. RESULTS ：There were 8 common peaks in UPLC fingerprint of Chebulae Fructus and Chebulae Fructus Immaturus ，i.e. chebulic acid （peak 1），gallic acid （peak 2），punicalagin A （peak 3），punicalagin B （peak 4），corilagin（peak 6），chebulagic acid （peak 7）and chebulinic acid （peak 8）. The similarities of 17 batches of Chebulae Fructus were from 0.92 to 0.99，while 14 batches of Chebulae Fructus Immaturus were all above 0.99. The similarity of control fingerprint between Chebulae Fructus and Chebulae Fructus Immaturus was 0.909. PCA demonstrated the differences between Chebulae Fructus and Chebulae Fructus Immaturus . The results of PLS-DA were consistent with those of PCA ，and the variable importance in projection （VIP）values of peak 5，4，7，3 and 2 were above 1 in the PLS-DA model. In 31 batches of samples ，the contents of gallic acid （peak 2），punicalagin A（peak 3），punicalagin B （peak 4）and chebulagic acid （peak 7）were 2.63-10.31， 5.37-44.63，8.02-60.77，44.07-162.98 mg/g；RSDs were 40.14％， 47.91％ ，53.97％ ，36.22％（n＝31）. There was statistical significance in the differences of the mentioned 4 components between Chebulae Fructus and Chebulae Fructus Immaturus 719412818@qq.com （P＜0.05）. CONCLUSIONS ：There are significant differences between Chebulae Fructus and Chebulae Fructus Immaturus gallic acid ，punicalagin A ，punicalagin B and chebulagic acid are the main difference components for identification.
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Objective To prospectively survey the well-known experts of critical care and endocrine secretion to summarize their experience in treating diabetes mellitus complicated by sepsis for the purpose of providing guidance of theory and practice in making treatment schemes of traditional Chinese medicine for such disease.Methods The questionnaires were designed and submitted to the experts.The statistic analysis was undertook to investigate the rules.Results A total of 30 questionnaires were released and 28 were retrieved.The experts generally believed that eight-principle syndrome differentiation was the most useful method in the syndrome differentiation and treatment of this disease.The heat,stasis and toxin were usually acted as the main pathogenic factors while damp and phlegm commonly act as secondary pathogenic factors.They thought that weak body resistance under the invading of evil was the key mechanisms in the deterioration of the disease and they chose clearing heat,activating blood and detoxication as 3 core treatment principles.Conclusions The summarized opinions from the experts should be act as important reference in treating this disease,but its effectiveness and possibility for further generalization need to be validated in the clinical practice.
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Objective@#To study laparoscopic ultrasound assisted hepatectomy in treatment of intrahepatic and extrahepatic bile duct stones.@*Methods@#The data of 52 patients with hepatolithiasis who underwent laparoscopic hepatectomy from May 2014 to January 2019 at the Fuyang District First People's Hospital in Hangzhou were analyzed retrospectively. There were 28 men and 24 women. The median age was 56 years. Operative laparoscopic ultrasonography was used to detect the location, size, distribution of stones and their relations to blood vessels. A total of 43 patients underwent anatomic hepatectomy, while 38 patients underwent choledochoscopic stone extraction. A " T" tube was used according to intraoperative conditions.@*Results@#Laparoscopic surgery was successfully carried out in 50 patients, while conversion to open surgery was required in 2 patients because of adhesions and bleeding. Laparoscopic ultrasonography revealed intrahepatic calcifications in 5 patients and choledochoscopy in 2 patients. Postoperative complications included 5 patients who devleoped abdominal abscesses. The operation time was (289.0±132.0) minutes. The intraoperative blood loss was (451.0±256.0) ml. The hospitalization after operation was (12.0±3.0) days. In 52 patients, 4 patients had residual stones and the residual rate was 7.7%. All of them were completely removed by T-tube sinus 8 weeks after operation.@*Conclusions@#Laparoscopic ultrasound helped to detect relevant bile ducts containing stones, reduced chance of bleeding in surgery, helped to clarify location and distribution of stones, improved accuracy of diagnosis, and reduced unnecessary hepatectomy by clearly defining intrahepatic bile duct stones intraoperatively. The residual intrahepatic and intrahepatic bile duct stones rates were reduced, and the safety and accuracy of the operations were improved.
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Objective To study laparoscopic ultrasound assisted hepatectomy in treatment of intrahepatic and extrahepatic bile duct stones.Methods The data of 52 patients with hepatolithiasis who underwent laparoscopic hepatectomy from May 2014 to January 2019 at the Fuyang District First People's Hospital in Hangzhou were analyzed retrospectively.There were 28 men and 24 women.The median age was 56years.Operative laparoscopic ultrasonography was used to detect the location,size,distribution of stones and their relations to blood vessels.A total of 43 patients underwent anatomic hepatectomy,while 38 patients underwent choledochoscopic stone extraction.A "T" tube was used according to intraoperative conditions.Results Laparoscopic surgery was successfully carried out in 50 patients,while conversion to open surgery was required in 2 patients because of adhesions and bleeding.Laparoscopic ultrasonography revealed intrahepatic calcifications in 5 patients and choledochoscopy in 2 patients.Postoperative complications included 5 patients who devleoped abdominal abscesses.The operation time was (289.0 ± 132.0) minutes.The intraoperative blood loss was (451.0 ±256.0) ml.The hospitalization after operation was (12.0 ±3.0)days.In 52 patients,4 patients had residual stones and the residual rate was 7.7％.All of them were completely removed by T-tube sinus 8 weeks after operation.Conclusions Laparoscopic ultrasound helped to detect relevant bile ducts containing stones,reduced chance of bleeding in surgery,helped to clarify location and distribution of stones,improved accuracy of diagnosis,and reduced unnecessary hepatectomy by clearly defining intrahepatic bile duct stones intraoperatively.The residual intrahepatic and intrahepatic bile duct stones rates were reduced,and the safety and accuracy of the operations were improved.
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Objective To study the safety,efficacy and advantages of enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) combined with clinical pathway management in laparoscopic common bile duct exploration and lithotomy (Laparoscopic common bile duct exploration,LCBDE).Methods 78 patients who underwent LCBDE in the Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery in the First Hospital of Fuyang District in Hangzhou were selected as the non-ERAS group (the control group).76 patients who underwent LCBDE treated with fast track surgery and ERAS clinical pathway management were selected as the ERAS group.The data between the two groups which included the postoperative insulin resistance index,changes in C-reactive protein,duration of postoperative analgesic use and analgesia,timing of first passage of postoperative flatus,postoperative abdominal tube removal,postoperative bile leakage,recurrence of biliary stones,intestinal ileus and other complications.Results All the two groups were discharged home successfully.On preoperative 7 day,the differences on the postoperative insulin resistance index and the levels of C reactive protein were significantly different (P＜0.05).The time to first get out of bed after operation,the postoperative analgesic use,the time to first passage of flatus,the time to postoperative abdominal drainage tube removal,and the time to clamping of the T tube after operation were significantly different (all P＜0.05).The postoperative complications of pulmonary infection,abdominal infection and the incidence of prolonged intestinal ileus were significantly different (all P＜0.05).Conclusions ERAS combined with clinical pathway management reduced postoperative stress reaction and complication rate.The treatment accelerated recovery and shortened hospital stay for patients who underwent LCBDE,which led to good social and economic benefits.
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Objective To observe the CALR mutation in patients with Ph negative chronic myeloproliferative neoplasms(MPNs) and its clinical significance. Methods From January 2012 to January 2015,the clinical data of ninety-seven patients with chronic myeloproliferative neoplasms was retrospectively analyzed and followed up to analyze different types of MPNs, including the clinical characteristics and gene mutation of polycythemia vera(PV),essential thrombocythemia(ET)and primary myelofibrosis (PMF).The hematological parameters and prognosis of patients with different mutation types were compared ( Cox regression model). Results Among the patients,the incidence of JAK2 mutation was the highest,64. 95% (63/97), followed by CALR mutation ( 19. 59% ( 19/97 ) ) and triple negative ( 10. 31% ( 10/97 ) ) . The incidence of MPL mutation was 5. 15% (5/97),which was the lowest and CALR mutations in ET and PMF were 28. 57%(10/35) and 28. 13% (9/32),respectively. The difference was not statistically significant (χ2 =1. 616,P>0. 05);the CALR gene mutation was not detected in PV patients. Compared with the JAK2 mutation, the hemoglobin,leukocyte and neutrophils in the patients with CALR mutation were lower (P<0. 05),PLT levels were lower in CALR-mutant ET patients ( P<0. 017) ,whereas platelet levels in CALR-mutant PMF patients were higher (P<0. 017). The incidence of disease progression in JAK2 and CALR mutation was 47. 62% (30/63)and 31. 58% (6/19) (χ2=1. 525,P>0. 05). The risk of disease progression in patients with CALR mutation was significantly lower than that of JAK2 mutation ( HR=0. 46,95%CI 0. 26-0. 98,P<0. 05) . Conclusion The clinical characteristics of MPNs patients with different gene mutations are different. The prognosis of MPNs patients with CALR mutation is better than that of JAK2 mutation.
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Objective To explore the relationship between the RunX2 expression and the clinicopathological features in bone giant cell tumor(GCT).Methods Fifty-eight specimens of GCT were selected and grouped according to the malignant degree,tumor pathological grade,whether having soft tissue invasion and complicating pathological fracture.Then the immunohistochemical staining technique was used to analyze and compare the difference of RunX2 expression levels among different groups.Results The RunX2 expression level in malignant GCT tissues was significantly higher than that in benign GCT tissue(P＜0.05).RunX2 expression level was increased with the GCT tissue histological grade increase(P＜0.05).The expression level RunX2 in GCT tissue with soft tissue invasion was significantly higher than that in the GCT tissue without invasion(P＜0.05);the RunX2 expression level in GCT tissue with complicating pathologic fractures was significantly higher than that in the GCT tissue without complicating pathologic fractures(P＜0.05).Conclusion The RunX2 expression level is related to the severity of GCT.
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BACKGROUND: Studies have shown that hemiarthroplasty is suitable for single femoral head diseases with normal acetabulum. But indications for choosing bone cement or biological fixation types, short- and long-term efficacy as well as the complications have not yet reached agreement.OBJECTIVE: To discuss the efficacy of two kinds of femoral prosthesis for femoral neck fractures in hemiarthroplasty,and the application of three-dimensional CT reconstruction in displaced fractures.METHODS: Clinical data of 73 cases of femoral head fractures undergoing hemiarthroplasty were analyzed retrospectively, and divided into bone cement and biological groups. All patients were followed up for 1.5 years, and the operation indexes, hospitalization time and hip joint function were compared; the consistent degree with intraoperative findings was compared through hip three-dimensional CT and X-ray examination simultaneously.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) There was no significant difference in the effective rate between groups (P > 0.05).(2) The operation time in the biological group was significantly shorter than that in the bone cement group (P < 0.05); the intraoperative blood loss and hospitalization time in the bone cement group were significantly less than those in the biological group (P < 0.05). (3) The Harris scores in the bone cement group were significantly higher than those in the biological group at 1 month after replacement (P < 0.05); the Harris scores in the biological group were significantly higher than those in the bone cement group at 18 months after replacement (P < 0.05); while there were no significant differences between two groups at 3, 6 and 12 months after replacement. (4) The hip three-dimensional reconstruction and X-ray examination showed no error compared with the intraoperative findings, reaching 100%. (5) Our findings suggest that age, disease history and bone quality should be considered when choosing an appropriate type of hemiarthroplasty for the patients with femoral neck fractures, and bone cement prosthesis is suitable for the elder patients with severe osteoporosis; while those with good bone quality should receive biological prosthesis. Besides, the diagnosis accuracy of three-dimensional reconstruction is superior to X-ray examination, which is conductive to fully understand displaced fractures.
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Objective To investigate the effects of remifentanil in painless bronchoscopic examination of elderly panents.Methods One hundred and twenty elderly patients undergoing painless bronchoscopic examination were randomly divided into 4 groups (n=30),the group A was administered with propofol and the groups B,C and D were administered with propofol and remifentanil(remifentanil dose:0.05 μg · kg-1 · min-1 in the group B,0.10μg · kg-1 · min-1 in the group C and 0.15 μg · kg-1 · min-1 in the group D).The body moving response,hemodynamic changes,propofol dose,examination time,wake-up time,departure time and adverse reactions in each group were observed during the examination process.Results During the examination process,the body moving response and bucking of the group A were significantly higher than those of the other three groups(P＜0.05);in hemodynamics,the group A fluctuated greatly,while the group B,C and D were relatively stable,but the incidence rate of hypotension,bradycardia and transient respiratory depressionof the group D were higher than those of the other three groups(P＜0.05);propofol dose of the group A was significantly higher than that of the other three groups (P＜0.05)and the group B was higher than the group C and D(P＜0.05).In wake-up time and departure time,the groups B,C,D were significantly better than the group A(P＜0.05),while the group C and D were better than the group B(P＜0.05).Conclusion Remifentanil can be used in painless bronchoscopic examination for elderly patients,and the effect is better by using propofol combined with remifentanil at a dose of 0.1 μg · kg-1 · min-1.
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Objective To investigate the effects of remifentanil in painless bronchoscopic examination of elderly panents.Methods One hundred and twenty elderly patients undergoing painless bronchoscopic examination were randomly divided into 4 groups (n=30),the group A was administered with propofol and the groups B,C and D were administered with propofol and remifentanil(remifentanil dose:0.05 μg · kg-1 · min-1 in the group B,0.10μg · kg-1 · min-1 in the group C and 0.15 μg · kg-1 · min-1 in the group D).The body moving response,hemodynamic changes,propofol dose,examination time,wake-up time,departure time and adverse reactions in each group were observed during the examination process.Results During the examination process,the body moving response and bucking of the group A were significantly higher than those of the other three groups(P＜0.05);in hemodynamics,the group A fluctuated greatly,while the group B,C and D were relatively stable,but the incidence rate of hypotension,bradycardia and transient respiratory depressionof the group D were higher than those of the other three groups(P＜0.05);propofol dose of the group A was significantly higher than that of the other three groups (P＜0.05)and the group B was higher than the group C and D(P＜0.05).In wake-up time and departure time,the groups B,C,D were significantly better than the group A(P＜0.05),while the group C and D were better than the group B(P＜0.05).Conclusion Remifentanil can be used in painless bronchoscopic examination for elderly patients,and the effect is better by using propofol combined with remifentanil at a dose of 0.1 μg · kg-1 · min-1.
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Objective To measure the morphological parameters of the acromion with CT and to analyze their match with the hook plate. Methods From October 2009 to February 2010,spiral CT scanning (with Somatom Emotion16) and three-dimensional reconstruction of bilateral shoulders were conducted in 61 Chinese subjects.They were 24 men and 37 women,aged from 20 to 83 years (average,45.2 years).The thickness,length and width of the acromion were measured and the subacromial shape was observed with software of the CT system to analyze the match between the hook plate and the acromion.Results The mean thickness of the acromion was 0.85 ± 0.13 cm in all subjects,0.94 ± 0.12 cm in males and 0.79 ± 0.10 cm in fe males,with a significant difference between males and females ( t =2.382,P =0.202).The mean acromion length was 2.08 ± 0.20 cm in all subjects,2.09 ± 0.21 cm in males and 2.06 ± 0.18 cm in females,with no significant difference between males and females( t =1.541,P =0.129).The mean acromion width was 3.81 ± 0.52 cm in all subjects,4.34 ± 0.32 cm in males and 3.47 ± 0.25 cm in females,with a significant difference between males and females ( t =2.296, P =0.025 ). Conclusions The acromial morphology varies significantly between genders in Chinese population,particularly in the thickness and width.It is,therefore,necessary to modify the morphological parameters of the hook plate to match better the gender difference in Chinese population.It is optimal that the hook plate should allow individualized pre-moulding to enhance its therapeutic efficacy.
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Objective To evaluate the clinical value of co-observation of the expression of MAGE-A3 gene and MDR1 gene on esti-mating the curative effect in non M3-subtype acute leukemia. Methods Expressions of MAGE-A3 and MDRI were measured in 77 patients with non M3-subtype acute leukemia by RT-PCR method. Clinical observation was done to estimate the relationship between the genes with curative effect in non M3-subtype acute leukemia. Results Expression of MAGE-A3 and MDRI gene were 50. 6% and 23. 3% in non M3-subtype acute leukemia patients. Positive expression of MDRI in MAGE-A3-positive and negative patients were 46. 2% and 13. 2% (P < 0.01). The complete remission rate in MAGE-A3 negative and positive patients were 86. 8% and 64. I% (P <0. 05). Complete remission (CR) rate in MDR1 negative and positive patients was 83.3% and 56. 5% (P <0. 05). Complete remission rate were 87.9% and 55.6% in beth negative and both positive expression of MAGE-A3 and MDR1 (P < 0. 05). Conclusion The patients of positive expression of MAGE-A3 in non M3-subtype AL had higher expression of MDR1. The patients with negative expression of beth MAGE-A3 and MDR1 had higher CR rate than that in both positive patients. These researches indicated that eo-observatian of the expression of MAGE-A3 and MDR1 can predict the curative effect in non M3-subtype AL.
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Objective To construct the eukaryotic expression plasmid for the expression of human Connexin26 in COS-7 cells.Methods Total RNA was isolated from human peripheral blood lymphocytes and used as template for the PCR cloning of the human Connexin26 gene.The human Cx26 cDNA containing the 678 bp whole coding region of the human Connexin26 gene was amplified by PCR using specific primers and cloned into the pCI-neo vector to construct the recombinant eukaryotic expression plasmid,pCI-Cx26.The recombinant plasmid was identified by restriction endonuclease digestion,and transfected into COS-7 cells by liposome.The expression of Cx26 mRNA and the protein were analyzed by RT-PCR and SDS-PAGE,respectively.Results Restriction endonuclease digestion analysis verified successful construction of the recombinant plasmid,pCI-Cx26.The expression of Cx26 mRNA and protein in the transfected COS-7 cells were detected by RT-PCR and SDS-PAGE,respectively.Conclusion The eukaryotic expression plasmid for human Cx26 has been constructed successfully with the capability of expression in COS-7 cells.
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Objective To investigate the role of splenomegaly and splenic macrophage(MΦ)in the occurrence of the hypersplenism of portal hypertension(PHT).Methods The changes of the quantity of ACP in MΦ,the ulstrastructure of MΦ and the quantity of the blood cells phagocytized and destructed by MΦ in the spleen of PHT by the methods of immunohistochemistry and transmission electron microscope were observed and compared with the normal spleen.The correlation of spleen index,the quantity of ACP in MΦ and the peripheral blood cells counts were also studied.Results Comparing with the normal spleen,the quantity of ACP in MΦ was increased,the surface folopodia of MΦ was increased and lengthened and the quantity of lysosome in MΦ and the quantity of erythrocytes and platelets phagocytized by MΦ were increased.Spleen index and the quantity of ACP in MΦ were negatively correlated with the peripheral blood cells counts,spleen index was positively correlated with the quantity of ACP in MΦ.Conclusion The splenomegaly and splenic MΦ could play a vital role on the occurrence of the hypersplenism of PHT.
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Objective To study the effect and significance of transforming growth factor-?_1(TGF-?_1), and TGF-?_1mRNA in the pathogenesis of chronic pancreatitis. Methods The expression and distribution of TGF-?_1, and TGF-?_1mRNA in the pancreatic tissue in different stage of the pathogenesis of chronic pancreatitis were studied with immunohistochemical SP staining, in situ hybridization,and reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction on the canine model of chronic pancreatitis . Results The Expression of TGF-?_1 and TGF-?_1mRNA were found in fibrotic tissues, fibroblasts, macrophages and endothelial cells of blood vessels.The expression of TGF-?_1 and TGF-?_1mRNA were high and lasting in the pathogenesis of chronic pancreatitis. Conclusions High expression of TGF-?_1 is closely related to the fibroblast proliferating activity, extracellular matrix overdeposition and proceeding fibrosis of pancreas.
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Objective To investigate the effect of short bowel syndrome treated with living-related small bowel transplantation(SBT).Methods A male patient with residual intestine 20cm in length,which resulted from subtotal small bowel resection and right hemi-colectomy owing to intestinal volvulus,received a living-related SBT.The donor was the patient′s mother.Donor specific blood transfusion,50mL/per week,was carried out for 8 weeks.Cytomegalovirus infection status in both donor and recipient was negative.A 160cm segment of intestine was transplanted.The graft ileocolic artery and vein was anastomosed to the recipient′s infrarenal aorta and inferior vena cava end-to-side,respectively.A distal ileostomy was performed.(Immunosuppression),anti-infection and anticoagulation therapy,and nutritional support were given(postoperatively).Results The donor had an uneventful recovery.No technical complications were observed.The recipient was alive and well 31 weeks after operation.No graft rejection or infection was found.The(patient) was taken off TPN 8 weeks after operation,and got a low-fat meal.The result of D-xylose test was near normal.Conclusions Living-related small intestine transplantation is an effective treatment for short bowel syndrome.
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Objective To determine the changes of gene expression profile in small intestinal allograft in rats after ischemic preconditioning(IPC),and to study the mechanism of graft protection of IPC.Methods Rats are randomly divided into 3 groups:sham operation(S group),small bowel transplant(SBT group)and IPC small bowel transplant group(ISBT group).Total RNAs was extracted from intestine of the 3 groups 1h after the intestine remored and cold preservation/reperfusion,and then purified to mRNA.mRNAs was then reversely transcribed to cDNA and to prepare hybridization probes.The mixed probes were hybridized to the cDNA microarray.After high-stringent washing,the fluorescent signals on cDNA microarray were scanned and analyzed.Results Among the 4 096 target genes,297 differentially expressed genes were identified between normal intestine and intestinal allograft in ISBT group;among those 84 genes which have been reported,including 18 genes expressing down and 66 genes expressing up regulation.Differentially expressing genes could be related to the protective effect of IPC.Conclusions The mechanisms of protective effect of IPC on cells of the graft are by modulation of genes related to cell adhesion,related to cellular energy and metabolism,and related to the signal transmission of the cells.