ABSTRACT
Objective To investigate the effect of different medical standards for the urinary system on the enlistment of pilots between PLAAF and USAF , and offer support to amendment .Methods Data on pilots′final enlistment between 2012 and 2015 were analyzed , and results of physical examinations of the urinary system were compared according to differ -ent medical standards .Results One hundred and twenty teenagers enrolled in this examination were disqualifiied due to defects of the urinary system while 97 applicants were qualified after comprehensive assessment of the urinary system .The main problems with the urinary system that affected results of pilots′enlistment were nephroptosia , renal cyst , microscopic hematuria , renal calcified foci and calculus .Conclusion Medical standards for the urinary system are different between PLAAF and USAF, especially those for nephroptosia , renal cyst and microscopic hematuria .The medical standards directo-ry about the urinary system approved by USAF can serve as a reference during our revision of current medical enlistment standards.