ABSTRACT
Introduction: Sodium valproate is an anticonvulsantwidely prescribed as a mood stabilizer for treating bipolardisorders. It’s role in treating schizoaffective disorders iswell documented. There are controversies regarding sodiumvalproate efficacy in schizophrenia. Although, some studieshave reported that it is effective in the management of positivesymptoms in acute psychosis, others have not found such anassociation. Study aimed at assessment the effect of adjunctivesodium valproate in acute stage of schizophrenia.Material and Methods: A total of 60 schizophrenic patients(age 18-45 years) were taken. They were randomly allocatedinto two groups, A and B. Patients in group A receivedatypical antipsychotic with placebo and in group B atypicalantipsychotic with adjunctive sodium valproate. Olanzapinewas taken as atypical antipsychotic in both groups.A diagnosis of schizophrenia was established based on ICD10 DCR criteria. All patients were assessed by PANSS andCGI-S at baseline and at 6 weeks. The collected data wereanalyzed by Student and Paired t-tests through SPSS.Results: Comparison of mean PANSS scores showedstatistically significant improvement in positive symptoms(p<0.014), general psychopathology (p<0.036) and total score(p<0.018) in group B patients as compared to group A. CGI-Sscores were also statistically significantly less in (p<0.011)group B patients as compared to group A after 6 weeks.Conclusion: Our study shows that if used as an adjunctive toantipsychotic in the management of acute psychosis, sodiumvalproate will speed up the recovery of positive symptoms
ABSTRACT
Background: Labour dystocia is associated with a number of adverse maternal and neonatal outcomes. Augmentation of labour is a commonly used intervention in cases of labour dystocia. Misoprostol is an inexpensive and stable prostaglandin E1analogue. Present study was done to see the effectiveness of sublingual misoprostol for labour augmentation and foeto-maternal outcome.Methods: Total 100 labouring women of term gestation were taken and divided in two groups: group A (study group) and group B (control group). In study group 25mcg sublingual misoprostol given 4 hourly till adequate uterine contractions developed, i.e. >3 contractions in 10 minutes, each lasting for 40-45 seconds. A maximum of 200mcg of misoprostol or 8 doses were used and in group B no drug was given for augmentation of labour. Maternal and foetal outcome were observed in both groups.Results: Augmentation to delivery interval was very short in group A in comparison to group B. Maternal and foetal outcome were almost same in both groups.Conclusions: Sublingual misoprostol is a safe and effective drug for augmentation of labour leading to early delivery without any major side effects.
ABSTRACT
Introduction: Bacterial vaginosis (BV) is a vaginal infection involving a reduction in the amount of hydrogen-peroxideproducing Lactobacillus and an overgrowth of anaerobic and gram-negative or gram-variable bacteria. Its prevalence in pregnancy is upto 15-30% and it can have a bearing on pregnancy outcome. It has been associated with preterm labor and preterm delivery, premature rupture of membranes (PROM), amniotic fluid infections and postpartum endometritis. Material and methods: Five hundred antenatal patients admitted or attending antenatal outpatient clinic in Dept. of Obstetrics and Gynecology, LLRMMC and associated SVBP Hospital, Meerut, Uttar Pradesh in last one year were enrolled after a written and informed consent. Patients included were <28 weeks gestation and without any known risk factors for premature delivery. BV was diagnosed by Nugent’s criteria and correlated with occurrence of preterm labor, PROM and postpartum endometritis. Result: BV was found in 98 of the 500 patients studied. Twenty-three of the 98 BV patients had preterm delivery and this association was significant (p < 0.0001). Fourteen patients of BV had PROM and this association was also significant (p < 0.001). Six patients of BV also had postpartum endometritis. Conclusion: The above results suggest that screening for BV should start in early pregnancy and a high index of suspicion for preterm delivery should be kept in antenatal patients with BV.