ABSTRACT
The cancer burden continues to grow globally, exerting tremendous physical, emotional, and financial strain on individuals, families, communities, and health systems. The number of health-related mobile applications (apps) is increasing rapidly. We searched for pain apps specific for cancer patients on App Store for iOS devices and Google Play for Android devices. An integrated pain management app (IPMA) is the need of the hour, which will not only provide a platform to users to assess their pain scores but also assess other associated symptoms and can provide a step-wise assessment to their symptomatology. This can offset the patient burden in the outpatient pain clinic and reduce the number of follow-up visits by addressing common concerns that can be tackled easily at home
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Background & objectives: Accurate mosquito species identification is the basis of entomological surveys and effective vector control. Mosquito identification is either done morphologically using diagnostic features mentioned in taxonomic keys or by molecular methods using cytochrome oxidase subunit 1 (coxI) and Internal transcribed spacer 2 (ITS2). Methods: We performed a larval survey for Aedes mosquitoes from eight different geographical regions in Tamil Nadu, India. The mosquitoes collected during the survey were characterized using both morphological and molecular markers. Results: During an entomological survey from eight different geographical regions in Southern India, a morphological variety named Aedes aegypti var. luciensis was observed. The variant mosquitoes were characterized using both morphological and molecular markers. The variant mosquitoes differed only in the dark scaling of 5th segment of hind-tarsi. Around one third to two third of the 5th segment in variant mosquitoes was dark which has been described as white in identification keys. No other significant difference was observed in adults or immature stages. The variation was heritable and coexisting in the field with the type form mosquitoes. Comparison of the genetic profile of coxI and ITS2 were similar in variant and the type form indicating both of them to be conspecific. Interpretation & conclusion: The morphological variant mosquitoes were found genetically similar to the Ae. aegypti type form. However, considering its high prevalence and coexistence with Ae. aegypti type form in different geographical regions, detailed studies on bionomics, ecology, genetics, behavior as well as its plausible role in disease transmission are warranted.
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Background: Alteration in the levels of female sex hormones during the menstrual cycle are known to affect the smooth muscles of respiratory tract. Aim and Objective: Main objective of the study is to find out the effects of different phases of menstruation on pulmonary function parameters in different phases of menstrual cycle. Material and Method: In the present cross sectional descriptive study conducted in female nursing students aging 18 to 22 years were considered. . The study was undertaken to assess pulmonary function parameters in different phases of menstrual cycle Results: Longest FVC, FEV1 and PEFR were found to be in secreatory phase in comparison to proliferative and menstrual phase. Shortest FVC, FEV1 and PEFR were found in secretary phase.
ABSTRACT
During the menstrual cycle phases changes in the levels of female sex hormones mainly estrogens and progesterone, have some possible influence over the clotting and fiinolytic activity of the blood, rhythmicity and conductivity of the electrical impulse of heart. Aim: Main objective of the study is to find out the effects of different phases of menstruation on ECG intervals. Methodology: This was a cross sectional descriptive study conducted in female nursing students aging18 to22 years were considered Sample size was decided to be 140 female nursing students from LN Nursing College, Bhopal. Inclusion criteria were normal healthy female aged 18 to 22 years with regular menstrual cycle (30 days +- 3 days) in previous six cycles. There Electrocardiographic changes were accessed in different phases of menstrual cycle. Results- In our study we found longest RR interval in secreatory phase in comparison to proliferative and menstrual phase. Shortest Bleeding Time was found in menstrual phase. The results related to QT and QTc intervals shows that longest clotting time measures in proliferative phase as comparison to Menstrual and secreatory phase. Shortest QT and QTc intervals were found in secreatory phase
ABSTRACT
Epilepsy is one of the major neurological disorders where modern drug therapy is complicated by side-effects, teratogenic effects and long-term toxicity. Medicinal plants have been an important source for the discovery of novel bioactive compounds which served and continue to serve as lead molecules for the development of new drugs. Large body of evidence has accumulated to demonstrate promising potential of medicinal plants used in various traditional, complementary and alternative systems. Several Indian medicinal plants have been studied for pharmacological activity in recent years. To understand the mechanism of action, the researchers have worked at molecular levels and several significant phytochemicals have been isolated. The present review is aimed at compiling data on promising Indian medicinal plants, which are being used as anticonvulsant agents, are discussed.
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The global emergence and spread of malaria parasites resistant to antimalarial drugs is the major problem in malaria control. The genetic basis of the parasite's resistance to the antimalarial drug chloroquine (CQ) is well-documented, allowing for the analysis of field isolates of malaria parasites to address evolutionary questions concerning the origin and spread of CQ-resistance. Here, we present DNA sequence analyses of both the second exon of the Plasmodium falciparum CQ-resistance transporter (pfcrt) gene and the 5' end of the P. falciparum multidrug-resistance 1 (pfmdr-1) gene in 40 P. falciparum field isolates collected from eight different localities of Odisha, India. First, we genotyped the samples for the pfcrt K76T and pfmdr-1 N86Y mutations in these two genes, which are the mutations primarily implicated in CQ-resistance. We further analyzed amino acid changes in codons 72-76 of the pfcrt haplotypes. Interestingly, both the K76T and N86Y mutations were found to co-exist in 32 out of the total 40 isolates, which were of either the CVIET or SVMNT haplotype, while the remaining eight isolates were of the CVMNK haplotype. In total, eight nonsynonymous single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were observed, six in the pfcrt gene and two in the pfmdr-1 gene. One poorly studied SNP in the pfcrt gene (A97T) was found at a high frequency in many P. falciparum samples. Using population genetics to analyze these two gene fragments, we revealed comparatively higher nucleotide diversity in the pfcrt gene than in the pfmdr-1 gene. Furthermore, linkage disequilibrium was found to be tight between closely spaced SNPs of the pfcrt gene. Finally, both the pfcrt and the pfmdr-1 genes were found to evolve under the standard neutral model of molecular evolution.