ABSTRACT
Background: Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a recently recognized complication of chronic kidney disease (CKD), especially in end-stage renal disease. Cardiovascular disease is the most important cause of morbidity and mortality in CKD. This study was done to assess the prevalence of Pulmonary Hypertension in CKD patients and to assess the severity of Pulmonary Hypertension in different stages of CKD. The study Materials And Methods: was performed on 140 patients. At M. L. N. medical college prayagraj. All patients were evaluated by clinical, laboratory and imaging. All patients were subjected to echocardiography for assessment of Pulmonary arterial Hypertension. A total Results: of 140 patients were included. Mean age of statics was 55.61±11.65 years. Male: Female was 2.33:1. Out of 140 study subjects, PH was found in 45 patients (32.1%.). Amongst which 26 had mild PH, 13 moderate and 6 had severe PH. Prevalence of Severe PH was signi?cantly higher in stage 5 CKD subjects (23.5%) compared to stage 3(1.3%) & 4(2.3%). As CKD progresses Conclusion: the prevalence and severity of PH increases
ABSTRACT
Aims: To study the prevalence of infertility in obese or overweight females and its association with Dyslipidemia and Diabetes mellitus. Materials And Methods: The study was performed on 160 infertile women between age 18-45 years who attended Obstetrics and Gynaecology OPD and Medicine OPD in Swaroop Rani Hospital, Prayagraj.The duration of study was from December 2019 to March 2021.Patients were divided into lean/normal weight females and obese/overweight females based on BMI. Results: Out of total 200 patients 40 were excluded and remaining 160 were divided in two groups, Group 1: lean or normal weight infertile women(N1 =63) and Group 2: obese /overweight infertile women(N2= 97) Mean age of controls and cases were found to be comparable(31.54±2.82 vs 31.22±2.97 years) with p =0.50. Mean BMI of control group was found to be 20.23±1.39 kg/m2 as compared to cases with mean BMI 27.77±2.86 kg/m2 which was signi?cantly higher with p=<.001. Mean W:H ratio in cases and controls was found to be 0.83±0.05 and o.74±0.04 respectively with p-value= <0.001. Mean A1C levels in cases was signi?cantly higher than in the control group (5.91±0.91% vs 4.61±0.58%) with p=<.001. Mean S, Triglycerides levels in cases was signi?cantly higher than in the control group. (160.4±96.9 vs 110.2±15.8) with p=<.001. Mean S.Cholesterol levels in cases was signi?cantly higher than in the control group. (165.1±41.06 vs 100±22.1) with p=<.001. Mean S.VLDL levels in cases was signi?cantly higher than in the control group (43.9±18.94 vs 54.9±14.07) with p=<.001.Mean S.LDL levels in cases was signi?cantly higher than in the control group (64.16±22.4 vs 54.33±16.17) with p=<.002. Mean S.HDL levels in control was higher than in the case group. (78.65±6.86 vs 40.77±12.83) with p=<.001. Conclusion: The prevalence of obesity in infertile females at a tertiary care centre was 60.62 %. Positive association of obesity was found with dyslipidemia and diabetes mellitus(A1C -5.91±0.91% vs 4.61±0.58% with p=<.001)in obese females. Most of the females were in the range of impaired glucose tolerance phase which could be reversed by dietary modi?cation and early intervention.