ABSTRACT
Background:Atherosclerotic disease is not only increased in incidence in type 2 diabetic patients, but its course is also accelerated. Stroke is one of the major causes of morbidity and mortality among the elderly population. The relationship between ischemic strokeand PAD (peripheral artery disease) has been poorly investigated in India. So, we studied the risk of stroke in PAD patients with type 2 diabetes. The aims and objectives of the study were to study the prevalence of PAD in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and to study the correlation of stroke in PAD patients with type 2 diabetes.Methods:Hospital based cross-sectional study was conducted among the 124 patients admitted with type 2 diabetes (age >25 years) from December2019 to October2021 in the various units of department of medicine/surgery, KPS institute, GSVM medical college,Kanpur. Color Doppler of limbs and carotid artery was done in study population. Clinical sign and symptoms, history of stroke or diagnostic investigation were used for evaluate cerebrovascular events.Results:In our study based on doppler ultrasound, the prevalence of PAD was found in 31 patients (25%) out of 124 with men having a higher prevalence (24 out of 74; 77.4%), as compared to women (7 out of 50; 22.6%) (p=0.020). The prevalence of stroke was 32.3% in PAD patients and 11.8% in non-PAD patients (p=0.009).Conclusions:By using Doppler, we found evidence of PAD in 25% of type 2 diabetics (M>F). The prevalence of stroke was 32.3% in PAD patients and 11.8% in non-PAD patients (p=0.009). PAD is associated with an increased risk of cerebrovascular disease morbidity and mortality. Clinician should identify a PAD patient with diabetes to elicit symptoms, complications like stroke to decrease mortality or morbidity.
ABSTRACT
Background:The objective of this study was to evaluate biochemical markers as predictors of dengue severity clinical outcome, bleeding severity, capillary leakage, supportive therapy requirement and duration of hospital stay.Methods:In this observational study Patients from age more than 15 years with history of acute febrile illness Total 263 confirmed cases (based on the WHO criteria) of DF were included in this study, who have been admitted in our hospital. We measured levels of CK, LDH, AST and ALT with modified liquid-UV tests; semi-quantitative levels of CRP with a colorimetric rapid test; levels of albumin with colorimetric tests; and lipid profiles [cholesterol, triglycerides, Low-density lipoprotein (LDL) and High-density lipo-protein (HDL)] with a liquid-color test. Positive control human samples were included in all tests.Results:We found that TG and LDL-C levels were significantly lower in dengue-positive patients compared to dengue-negative patients, and that LDL-C levels showed greater decreases and thus appeared to drive the reduction in total cholesterol. LDH, CPK, AST and ALT were significantly raised in DSS in compared to DF and other febrile illness. We found that lower total serum cholesterol and LDL-C levels at presentation were associated with subsequent development of DHF/DSS.Conclusions:Assessment of lymphocyte, platelet counts, levels of LDL, TG, CPK, LDH, levels of AST and ALT are very significant and easily available and low-cost biochemical markers for prediction of dengue infection severity.