Effects of Biophysical Index, Knowledge, and Self Management Compliance of Patients with Primary Hypertension by a Self Management Compliance Promotion Program / 간호학회지

PURPOSE: This study was to develop and prove the effects of aself management compliance promotion program for primary hypertension patients who reside in rural communities. METHOD: The content of the self management compliance promotion program developed by this study was as follows: A leader trains patients as a group or individually, in walking, education and green tea therapy from the first to twelfth week. From the thirteenth to twenty fourth week, the patients should perform walking and green tea therapy by themselves. One hundred twenty subjects volunteered to participate in the study, who were among those registered as hypertension patients in the 14 community health clinics located in Chungcheongbuk-do. RESULT: Systolic blood pressure, total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, triglyceride, step width, and degree of obesity decreased significantly. High-density lipoprotein cholesterol, step length, knowledge of hypertension, and self management compliance significantly increased. CONCLUSION: A self management compliance promotion program for primary hypertensive patients enhances biophysical index and knowledge on hypertension, thus ultimately suggesting a nursing intervention for promoting self management compliance.

A Case of Sebaceous Eipthelioma on the Lower Palpebral Conunctiva

PURPOSE: Sebaceous epithelioma which developed on the conjunctiva is a very rare benign skin and adnexal tumor. No case has been reported in the Republic of Korea. We report a case of sebaceous epithelioma on the lower palpebral conjunctiva. METHODS: A 69 year old man had visited with asymptomatic mass on lower palpebral conjunctiva. The mass was resected and biopsied for histological examination. RESULTS: Sebaceous epithelioma was diagnosed by histological examination.

Linear Focal Elastosis / 대한피부과학회지

Linear focal elastosis is characterized clinically by horizontal yellowish palpable striae on the lower back and histologically fragmentation or aggregation of elastic fibers. We herein report four cases of linear focal elastosis in male patients. They were 12 to 17 years old and the disease duration was 1 to 3 years. We suggest linear focal elastosis is a variant of striae distensae affecting elastic fibers.

Expression of Osteocalcin and Transglutaminase C during Fracture Healing and Distraction Osteogenesis in Rat's Tibia / 대한정형외과학회잡지

Incorporation of bromodeoxyuridine(BrdU) and expression of osteocalcin and transglutaminase C(TGase C) during fracture healing and distraction osteogenesis were investigated in the rat with immunohistochemical studies. Transverse osteotomy was made at the proximal tibia. Bilateral dynamic mini-fixator was applied to immobilize the fracture and also to lengthen the leg. Distraction was started, at the rate of 0.25 mm twice daily, from the 4th operative day and continued for 7 days. Animals were killed for immunohistochemical studies on the 1st, 3rd, 5th, 7th, 14th, 28th, 42nd, 56th, and 84th day after osteotomy or distraction. Longitudinal histologic sections of the healing bone were stained with monoclonal antibodies against BrdU, osteocalcin, and TGase C. Radiologically, complete fracture healing was achieved in 6 weeks after osteotomy, while neo-osteogenesis was successfully achieved in the distracted gap in 7 weeks after the completion of distraction, During active healing stage of the fracture and distraction osteogenesis, BrdU was mainly expressed in the perisoteal and endosteal osteoprogenitor cells while osteocalcin was expressed in the proliferating osteoprogenitor cells, osteoblast, osteocyte, osteoid matrix, and chondrocyte. The expression of BrdU and osteocalcin in the mesenchymal cells from the surrounding soft tissues around the osteotomy site was negligible. At the site of enchondral bone formation, TGase C was expressed in the cytomplasm of more centrally located and matured chondrocytes, while oseocalcin was mainly expressed in the cytoplasm of peripherally located chondrocyte. These findings may suggest that osteocalcin participates in early phase of enchondral bone formation, while TGase C in the late phase, suggesting the role of TGase C in matrix stabilization. At the site of intramern-branous bone formation, the expression of TGase C was weakly positive in both osteoprogenitor cell and osteoblast. The reason of the difference in the expression of TGase C between the enchondral bone formation and intrarnembranous bone formation should be further investigated. Fracture healing and distraction osteogenesis was predominantly induced by intramembranous ossification rather than enchondral ossification. Periosteal osteoprogenitor cells appeared to initiate and to lead bone formation after osteotomy and distraction. Active proliferation and differentiation of osteoprogenitor cell ocurred during entire periods of distraction. Also, active osteoid matrix formation and mineralization was started from the 5th day of distraction and continued thereafter for further 4 weeks after completion of the lengthening. These findings indicate that preservation of the periosteum is essential to achieve successful fracture healing and distraction osteogenesis.

The Effect of Estradiol on the Osteoporosis Induced by Oophorectomy in the Rat / 대한정형외과학회잡지

Post-menopausal osteoporosis is known to be related to estrogen deficiency. The purpose of this experimental study is to investigate whether or not estrogen administration can prevent or retard the process of osteoporosis induced by oophorectomy in rats. Fifty-two Sprague-Dawley rats, aged five months, were separated into three groups. Group 1 (4 rats) was control group that had sham operation without oophorectomy. Goup 2 (32 rats) was another control group that had bilateral oophorectomy alone. Group 3 (16 rats) was experimental group that had estradiol administration from the fourth week through the eighth week after bilateral oophorectomy. In group 1, all the rats were killed at the fourth week after sham operation. In group 2 and group 3, four rats in each group were killed weekly until the eighth week after oophorectomy. All the animals were subjected to radiological, histological studies on the tibia, ilium, skull, and the sixth lumbar vertebra. Also, histomorphometric measurements were 1. Osteoporotic changes were evident from the fifth week after oophorectomy and increased with time on the radiologic examination in group 2. In contrast, osteoporotic changes were evident from the second week after oophorectomy and progressed with time on the histological and histomorphometric studies in group 2. 2. After administration of estradiol, osteoporotic changes which include thinning of the cortex, decrease of the amount of trabeculae were partially restored on the radiological, histological studies in group 3. 3. Histomorphometric study revealed that the trabecular area percent (the proportion of total area of the trabeculae from the whole metaphyseal area), decreased progressively through the eight week after oophorectomy in gorup 2. Whereas the trabecular area percents of group 3 were higher than those of group 2, but still lower than initial value before oophorectomy. Based on the above observations, estradiol administration appeared to delay the progression of the osteoporotic changes induced by oophorectomy in rats.

Experimental Study for Peripheral Nerve Reconstruction using Skeletal Muscle and Omentum / 대한정형외과학회잡지

The experimental study for peripheral nerve reconstruction was performed using degenerated skeletal muscle and omentum. At the sciatic nerves of 26 rabbits, about 10mm gaps were made under ketamine anesthesia. Degenerated skeletal muscles were made through the procedure of freezing with liquid nitrogen and thawing in distilled water. And omenta were taken through midline abdominal incisions. On 14 rabbits of experimental group, the nerves were connected with the degenerated skeletal muscles and surrounded with the omenta. On 6 rabbits of control group, the nerve gaps were connected with the degenerated skeletal muscles without surrounding with the omenta. And the other 6 rabbits of control group, the gaps were lets without further treatment. After 3, 6, 9 and 12 weeks, the results were compared using light microscope and transmission electron microscope. There were contractions and fragmentations at the skeletal muscles during the freezing and thawing. There were nerve regenerations through the degenerated skeletal muscles. The nerve tissues of the experimental group were more abundant than the control group using the degenerated skeletal muscles only.