The trend of accurate pathology diagnosis of breast cancer / 中华病理学杂志

Accurate pathology diagnosis of breast cancer is the premise of personalized treatment. In recent years, the pathology diagnosis of breast cancer have been updated and optimized to provide better guidance and basis for clinical treatment. In this paper, we provide an overview on the advances in histological classification of breast cancer, the progress of biomarker detection related to novel antibody-drug conjugates and immunotherapy in breast cancer, the pathology evaluation of breast cancer specimen after neoadjuvant therapy and sentinel lymph nodes, the progress of genetic testing in breast cancer, and the application of artificial intelligence in breast pathology.

Effect of trace metals levels in wastewater discharges, sediment and Euchelus asper in Kuwait marine environment

This study assesses the effect of major trace metals levels in wastewater discharges and sediment from twenty four permanent and five semi-permanent wastewater drain outlets into the Kuwait coast. The effect of trace metals levels released from untreated wastewater discharges to Euchelus asper, gastropod was also determined. Results showed high trace metal levels in E. asper tissues, followed by sediment and in wastewater during winter than in summer irrespectively of the sampled areas. Regionally, distributed wastewater drain outlets in six Kuwait Governorates [GI-GVI] revealed high trace metal levels in GI due to industrialization and occasional untreated wastewater discharges into the marine environment. High Zn and Cr in the gastropod, sediment and wastewater samples indicated the effect of oil spills and untreated wastewater discharged into the sea. Results of our study exceeding the standards pollution limits could be validated as a tool to undertake precautionary measures to similar polluted areas elsewhere in the globe

Trace metals toxicity to the body structures of Mullet Liza Klunzingeri [Mugilidae: Perciformes]

Rapid industrialization, installation of mega-desalination plants and suspected trace metals discharges in the Kuwait marine environment instigated us to determine the trace metals toxicity on the body structures [first dorsal fin, otolith and scales] of the commercially relished mullet fish, Liza klunzingeri. 96 h toxicity test with Fe, Cd, Ni, As, showed the body structure of L. klunzingeri to attain LOEC [lowest observed effective concentration] at test concentrations of 10 micro g/L, 4.0 micro gL, 8.0 micro g/L and 2.0 micro g/L, respectively. Observation revealed high metal concentrations in scales followed by first dorsal fin and otolith irrespective of the sampling sites. Mean bioaccumulation factor [BAF] in body structures was high in the sequence of Ni> Fe > As >Cd. Trace metals bioaccumulation was high in samples reared in Kuwait Bay than in the Kuwait coastal waters. These findings supported evidences to body structures of L. klunzingeri as an indicator to trace metal pollution besides its use for species aging