Comparison of the effect of metoclopramide and droperidol associated with dexamethasone on nausea and vomiting after operation

One of the most common complications after general anesthesia is nausea and vomiting that can cause spasm, hypoxia and pulmonary aspiration. Metoclopramide and dropridol are two common drugs to prevent nausea and vomiting after operation. On the other hand adding dexamethasone to these drugs is effective in decreasing nausea and vomiting. The purpose of this study was to compare the effect of metoclopramide and dropridol on prevention of nausea and vomiting after operation. In this study, 160 patients were randomly divided into two groups of 80 patients. Patients in both groups were equally administered with premedication and induction of anesthesia according to their weight. The first group was injected with metoclopramide associated with dexamethasone and the second group was injected with dropridol associated with dexamethasone. After removing tracheal tube, nausea and vomiting in both groups were assessed for two hours and then data was compared to each other. Postoperative nausea and vomiting in first group was 24% and in second one was 8%. Nausea and vomiting in females was more than males [p=0.049]. According to the results, dropridol associated with dexamethasone can cause decreasing of nausea and vomiting in patients after general anesthesia

[Effect of alfentanil on the hemodynamic changes [heart rate, blood pressure] following laryngoscopy]

Hemodynamic changes following laryngoscopy and intubation of trachea is one of the main problems in anesthesia. Different methods and drugs are used to lower this problem. The aim of this study was to survey the effect of Alfentanil, which is a short acting opioid on hemodynamic changes. Methods: 100 patients with ASA class I were divided into 2 groups of 50 patients. Both groups received diazepam 0.1 mg/kg, morphine 0.1 mg/kg and faxedil 20 mg/kg as premedication. 3 minutes before induction, Alfentanil group received 10 mg/kg Alfentanil and control group received normal saline as placebo. Both groups received sodium thiopental and succinyl choline for induction. Blood pressure and heart rate were recorded before and after premedication, 1, 3 and 5 minutes after intubation of trachea. The data were compared together. Findings: Changes in heart rate and blood pressure [Systolic and diastolic] before and after premedication had no meaningful difference in both groups, but average of changes in heart rate and blood pressure in the patients in the Alfentanil group after laryngoscopy and intubations were less and there was statistically significant difference. Hemodynamic features in both groups after 5 minutes were stable. Conclusion: According to the results, Alfentanil is effective in reducing heart rate and blood pressure [Systolic and diastolic] after laryngoscopy and intubations of trachea. So, using Alfentanil before laryngoscopy in general anesthesia is recommended