Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and immunohistochemical localisation of carcinoembryonic antigen in ovarian neoplasia

To evaluate the significance of including CEA in serum and tissues in the management protocol of patients with ovarian malignancies. Patients and The study included 68 patients divided into three groups: Group A included 21 patients with malignant ovarian tumors. Group B included three patients with borderline ovarian tumors. Group C included eight patients with benign ovarian tumors. Group D included 36 women without any apparent gynecologic disorder and acted as our control group. The serum level of CEA was measured in all patients in Groups A, B and C prior to treatment and at least 12 weeks following therapy. Formalin-fixed and paraffinembedded tissue blocks taken from two sites of the studied lesions were prepared. Immunohistochemical staining for CEA was performed for the studied tissues. All benign and borderline ovarian tumors had negative pre- and post-treatment serum levels of CEA[< 5 ng/ml] while 52.38% of malignant ovarian tumors had positive pre - treatment serum values. After treatment, all the malignant ovarian tumors were seronegative for CEA. The mean pre - treatment serum CEA level in malignant ovarian tumors [7.32 ng/ml] was significantly higher than that of the other groups. The mean post-treatment serum values and the mean difference in serum levels showed no significant differences between the three groups. The mean difference between pre- and post-treatment serum CEA was significant only in malignant ovarian tumors. A total of 12.5% of the benign ovarian tumors, and 42.86% of the malignant ones had a positive reaction for CEA tissue stain. The mean values of serum CEA before treatment were significantly higher in positively stained malignant ovarian tumors [P < 0.0001]. The mean difference in the s e rum CEA was significantly higher in positively stained malignant ovarian tumors [P < 0.0001]. The mean pre - treatment serum CEA and also the mean difference in s e rum levels showed significant progressive increase with the increase in degree of tissue stain of ovarian carcinomas. This study indicates that immunohistochemical identification of CEA in the tumor tissue and monoclonal antibodies quantitative measurement of CEA in human serum is a useful adjunct in the management protocol of patients with ovarian malignancies

Serum bilirubin level in newborn of diabetic and hypertensive mothers

A total number of 140 newborn infants were studied for bilirubin levels. They were divided to forty infants of diabetic mothers [20 oxytocin induced labour and 20 oxytocin augmented], 40 infants of hypertensive mothers [20 oxytocin induced and 20 augmented labours] and 60 controls [20 induced, 20 augmented and 20 with no oxytocin given]. It was found that total and unconjugated bilirubin levels were higher in infants delivered after induction of labour, whether they were diabetic, hypertensive or not, than in infants of non induced labours. Bilirubin levels were also mildly high in infants of augmented diabetics after delivery which was nullified after 24 hours. These results suggest that the increased bilirubin levels are related to induced labours rather than to the medical problem of the mothers, provided that the newborns are of average weight

Effect of some recent analgesics on labour pain and materno-fetal blood cases and pH

This studs attempts to determine the analgesic property of nalbuphine hydrochloride, pentazocine lactate and butorphanol tartarate during labour, and their potential effects on materno-fetal blood gases and pit. The analgesic efficacy of the tested drugs was assessed by Steinhouse scoring systern [1964]. Butorphanol analgesia was superior to either nalbuphine or pentazocine in relieving labour pains. The studied analgesics caused significant maternal respiratory acidosis and fetal metabolic acidosis. These acidotic changes were more marked in the pentazocine, moderate in the nalbupitine and minimal in the butorphanol group

Post-pill ovulation resumption

The return of ovulation after discontinuation of oral contraceptives was studied in 247 pill users. Ovulation resumption was determined by studying the cervical mucus changes at mid cycle and first day endometrial biopsy. Ovulation was resumed in approximately 81 percent and 96 percent at second and fourth months respectively, after cessation of contraceptive pills. By 6 months, 99.5 percent of the pill users had ovulated. The pregnancy rate after 6 months of pill discontinuation was about 27.5 percent. The ovulation and pregnancy resumption, after pill discontinuation, was affected by the age, the duration of pill use. It was not affected by parity

Effect of low dose oral contraceptive on lactation pattern in egyptian women

Low dose combined pills were investigated regarding its effect on the amount and total protein content of breast milk during the first six months post partum. No significant changes were found in these two parameters, except at the 4th months where the amount of breast milk in the medicated group was significantly lower than the control group

Serum cortisol level in lactating women using Progestasert system

Permenstrual and menstrual serum cortisol levels were determined in three groups of lactating and menstruating females six months after delivery: a] control, not using any method of contraception; b] Progestasert group, and c] Cu T-200 group. Both IUDs were inserted immediately postpartum. Comparison of the obtained data revealed decreased levels in both IUD groups as compared to normal control at the onset of menstruation. However, significant difference was only obtained between the non-IUD and Cu T-200. No significant differences between the groups were observed at day M-3. Serum cortisol levels were significantly raised in the control group with the onset of menses which could be explained on the basis of stress. Serum cortisol levels were also determined in two groups of lactating amenorrheic mothers, two months after delivery, fitted with progestasert and Cu T-200 IUDs. Results indicated non-significant difference between the two groups. In conclusion, Progestasert intrauterine system has no effect on cortisol levels in postpartum lactating women users