[ effect of intraperitoneally injection of matricaria chamomilla ethanolic extract on seizure]

Matricaria chamomilla [MC] has a series of flavonoid compounds with benzodiazepine-like properties. So it may be effective in the treatment of epilepsy and seizures. We evaluate the effect of intraperitoneally injection of hydroalcoholic chamomilla extract on seizures induced by pentylenetetrazole in male rats. In this study, 56 male rats [200 - 250 g] were divided into to seven groups [n = 8]: 1 - control [saline] 2 - MC 50 mg/kg, 3 - MC 100 mg/kg, 4 - MC 200 mg/kg, 5 - MC 500 mg/kg, 6 - Diazepam [0.2 mg/kg], 7 - Flumazenil [0.5 mg/kg] + MC 200. All groups received PTZ [65 mg/kg/ip] 30 minutes after material injection and the animal's convulsive behavior were recorded. The data were analyzed statistically by SPSS software with using one-way ANOVA followed by Tukey test. The administration of hydroalcoholic extracts of chamomile, delayed onset of tonic seizures in the animal's anterior limb and body at all used dosages. This effect was significant at doses of 200 and 500 mg/kg, in compare with control group. Also the extract of chamomile reduced the total duration of seizure and the duration of tonic -colonic seizures dose - dependently, that were significant at 100, 200 and 500 mg/kg of dosage. Intra-peritoneal administration of chamomile hydroalcoholic extract can effectively reduce seizures that induced by PTZ in rats. Here by, it is recommended to identify its effective components by conducting complementary research

[ effect of tanacetum sonbolii hydroalcholic extract on PTZ induced seizures in male mice]

Epilepsy has prevalence about 0.5 - 1% of world population. From many years ago, plants used to treat of various neurological diseases such as seizures. The anticonvulsant effects of hydroalcoholic extract of Tanacetum Sonbolii was examined in male mice. 60 mice were randomly divided into six groups [n=10], included: A control group [normal saline] and 5 groups receiving Sonbolii extract [150, 300, 600, 900, 1200 mg/kg]. 30 min after peritoneal injection of different doses extract or saline, PTZ [85 mg/kg] were injected and the animal immediately transferred to a special cage, and the seizure behavior was evaluated within 30 minutes. The tonic and colonic seizures were significantly reduced in the groups that received extract compared to control group. The onsets of seizures were difference between treated and control animals statistically. Extract were reduced the rate of death during seizures and was prevented the outbreak of tonic - colonic seizures in some case. Our results showed that the extracts of Tanacetum Sonbolii have strong anticonvulsant effect, and more complementary studies will be done for identifying the mechanism of action and effective material of Sonbolii exact

[Correlation of extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy with mean arterial blood pressure and heart rate in patients with kidney stones]

Background: At present, although more than 90% of renal stones are treated at a success rate of 68-86% with extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy [ESWL], complications such as the possible occurrence of hypertension are attributed to application of this technique

Objective: The purpose of this study was to determine the correlation of ESWL with the mean arterial blood pressure and heart rate

Methods: This analytical study was performed on 75 patients with kidney stones in Mashhad using non-probability and purposeful sampling. Blood pressure was measured at three stages before, during, and after lithotripsy in the supine position. The relationship between ESWL- related hypertension and autonomic neural activity was also evaluated by heart rate spectral analysis. Data was analyzed with t-test and one-way analysis of variance

Findings: The mean arterial blood pressure increased from 93.30 +/- 9.73 to 98.30 +/- 12.63 in men and from 87.82 +/- 11.08 to 96.08 +/- 14.51 mmHg in women during lithotripsy and the difference was found to significant, statistically [P<0.001]. The incidence of diastolic pressure >/= 100 mmHg in patients with diastolic pressure less than 90 mmHg prior to lithotripsy was 7.5%

Conclusion: These results indicate the risk of hypertension during lithotripsy however, the possible occurrence of hypertension following lithotripsy needs more prospective studies

[ prenatal consumption of aqueous extract of glycyrrhiza glabra, improves memory retrieval in mice]

Glycyrrhiza glabra contain antioxidant and phytoestrogens with cell protective properties. So its consumption during pregnancy may be effective on the mental features of who birthed. We evaluated the effect of glycyrrhiza glabra consumption during pregnancy on memory retrieval of the second generated mice. We used 15 females and 6 male mice [NMRI] with 20-30 gr weight. Pregnancy confirmed after coupling with vaginal plaque formation. Then the mice were singly caged and randomly assigned to 3 equal groups: Control, sham [solvent gavage] and treatment group [aqueous extract of glycyrrhiza root with 150 mg oral daily treatment from 3 until 19 day of gestation]. Two mounts after birthing, the offspring's were randomly assigned to 2 male and female groups and introduced to the memory retrieval test with using the shuttle box. The data were analyzed statistically by using ANOVA and Tukey test by using SPSS software. The delay time for entering on the dark room were increased in male mice that exposed to extracts of glycyrrhiza during pregnancy in comparison to control group and it was significant in the period 1 and 2 weeks after training [p <0.05]. The latency for entering on the dark chamber was increased on the female animals that exposed with extract during pregnancy in comparison of the control group. This difference was significant in periods of 24 hours and 2 weeks after training [p<0.01, p<0.05]. The prenatal consumptions of aqueous extract of the glycyrrhiza can increase memory retrieval of both sexes