ABSTRACT
Statement of Problem: hemostatic agents may affect the micro-leakage of different adhesive systems. Also, chlorhexidine has shown positive effects on micro-leakage. However, their interaction effect has not been reported yet
Objectives: to evaluate the effect of contamination with a hemostatic agent on micro-leakage of total- and self-etching adhesive systems and the effect of chlorhexidine application after the removal of the hemostatic agent
Materials and Methods: standardized Class V cavity was prepared on each of the sixty caries free premolars at the cemento-enamel junction, with the occlusal margin located in enamel and the gingival margin in dentin. Then, the specimens were randomly divided into 6 groups [n = 10] according to hemostatic agent [H] contamination, chlorhexidine [CHX] application, and the type of adhesive systems [Adper Single Bond and Clearfil SE Bond] used. After filling the cavities with resin composite, the root apices were sealed with utility wax. Furthermore, all the surfaces, except for the restorations and 1mm from the margins, were covered with two layers of nail varnish. The teeth were immersed in a 0.5% basic fuschin dye for 24 hours, rinsed, blot-dried and sectioned longitudinally through the center of the restorations bucco- lingualy. The sections were examined using a stereomicroscope and the extension of dye penetration was analyzed according to a non-parametric scale from 0 to 3. Statistical analysis was performed using Kruskal-Wallis test and Mann-Whitney U-test
Results: while ASB group showed no micro-leakage in enamel, none of the groups showed complete elimination of micro-leakage from the dentin. Regarding micro-leakage at enamel, and dentin margins, there was no significant difference between groups 1 and 2, 1 and 3, and 2 and 3 [p > 0.05]. A significantly lower micro-leakage at the enamel and dentin margins was observed in group 3, compared to group 6. No significant difference was observed between groups 4 and 5 in enamel [p = 0.35] and dentin [p = 0.34]. Group 6 showed significantly higher micro-leakage, compared to group 4 and 5 [p < 0.05]
Conclusions: hemostatic agent contamination had no significant effect on micro-leakage of total- and self-etching adhesive systems. Application of chlorhexidine after the removal of hemostatic agent increased micro-leakage in self-etching adhesives but did not affect when total-etching was used
ABSTRACT
Statement of Problem: Deliberating the patients' rights is one of the major human ethical and legal principles which can be investigated through the agenda of professional and medical ethics accordingly, the students of dentistry have to be educated about this issue and achieve the necessary skills in deliberating and concerning the patients' rights
Purpose: The present study aimed to investigate Shiraz dental students' awareness and attitude regarding the patients' rights as well as the principles of dental ethics in order to design methods for organizing and improving the ethics in dentistry
Materials and Method: The present descriptive-analytical study was conducted on 111 students of different departments of Shiraz Dental School. The study data were collected through a questionnaire designed based on the patients' rights charter in Iran, ADA ethical codes which are internationally acceptable in the field of dentistry, and the guidelines of the ministry of health, treatment, and medical education [No. 140588]. Then, the data were entered into the SPSS statistical software and analyzed
Results: Of all participants, 21.6% were men and 78.4% were women. According to the results, 71% of the students were acquainted with the patients' rights. In addition, the patients' characteristics, including gender and nationality, were not important for 58.6% of the students
Conclusion: The study findings showed that 71% of the participants were acquainted with the patients' rights Establishment of a comprehensive, integrated charter in Iran is needed. With rapid development of medical sciences, new issues appear which necessitate taking into account the mutual rights of the physicians, people, and patients