[Survey the frequency of first three formants of Persian vowels in patients with vocal polyps]

This study compared the vowel formants frequency in polyp patients with normal individuals in sustained vowels. This study is cross-sectional and descriptive-analytical. Variables are: Average of first, second and third formants in six vowels of Persian. These parameters were investigated in patients with vocal fold polyps and normal subjects. People were selected from the age group of 20 to 40 years. Samples of the study included 10 patients with natural sound [5 female and 5 male] and 10 patients with polyps [5 female and 5 male]. In men and women with vocal fold polyps, the highest and lowest values of first formant [F1] is in vowel / a / and / u /. Maximum and minimum values of second formant [F2] in both are in the / e / and / u / and maximum and minimum values of third formant [F3] vowels are in / u / and / e /. First and second formants of Persian vowels differ in normal voice and vocal fold polyps] p=0.028 [however, this was not the case in the third structure [p=0.59]. Considering the structures are useful in the diagnosis and F1 and F2 can be considered more in objective evaluations

[Comparison of neonatal bacterial septicemia in 2007 and 1998-2000 years]

Septicemia is an important and common cause of neonatal mortality and morbidity. Several factors such as genetic, social, hygienic and nutritional factors are effective on the frequency of bacterial pathogens in neonatal septicemia, several studies have performed to determine common pathogens in the different parts of the world. Comparison of neonatal bacterial septicemia in 2007 and 1998-2000 in the 17 Shahrivar hospital of Rasht. In this descriptive and comparative study, 298 files of the newborns who were admitted had hospitalized with the probable diagnosis of septicemia in 2007 were collected; we defined the cases with positive blood culture, the pathogens and antibiotic resistance to different antibiotics. We compared these results with the results of study which was performed between 1998-2000. Among 298 hospitalized newborns, 31 cases had positive blood culture [10.4%]. The most common pathogens were Entrobacter [77.4%], Klebsiella [6.5%] respectively. In the study of 1998, the most common pathogens were Ecoli 111 cases [59.7%], Entrobacter 47 cases [25.3%] klebsiella 1.7 cases [9.2%]. There wasn't any significant relationship between mortality and sex, age, maturity and kind of delivery, but there was significant relationship between the pathogen and mortality, delivery, maturity, birth weight. There wasn't any significant relationship between sex and pathogen. According to the results of 2007 the most common pathogen was Entrobacter and treatment with effective antibiotics like Gentamycine [cost effective and easily available] and hygienic care in the neonatal care recommended to the eliminate the infectious factors especially Entrobacter

[Relationship between maternal hypothyroidism during pregnancy and intellectual development of offspring]

Children who were born from untreated hypothyroid mothers, have lower intelligence quotient [IQ] levels in school age in comparison with same age group. Nonetheless, the effect of hypothyroidism, especially subclinical form on fetal neuronal cell growth and subsequent imprints on intelligence and learning are unclear. This study was designed to evaluate intellectual development of children of mothers who had hypothyroidism, especially subclinical type during their pregnancies. In this historical cohort study, out of 441 hypothyroid women, 90 patients with 106 pregnancies were reviewed. 44 children were enrolled in this study. They were divided to case [N=25] and control groups [N=19] according to the maternal TSH level during pregnancy. For all children serum TSH and free T4 were measured by radioimmunoassay and urine Iodine concentration was assayed by acid digestion method. IQ level and cognitive performance of all children were also evaluated. The basic characteristics of children except maternal TSH and 14 were the same between two groups. The age range of children was 4-14.5 years. All laboratory parameters [TSH, free T4 and urinary iodine] were similar in two groups. There was no significant difference in IQ level and cognitive performance between two groups. Using Pearson correlation test, except mother education level and neonatal weight there were no relationship between variables and IQ level. This study showed that IQ level and cognitive performance in children who were born from sub clinical hypothyroid mothers are similar to control group

review on medicinal characteristics of pomegranate [Punica granatum L.]

Pomegranate [Punica granatum L.] is a deciduous shrub and native to Iran having ancient culture in this country and Iran is one of the biggest producers of pomegranate in the world. This fruit is used in traditional medicine because of its antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, and alleviative characteristics. Extracts of different parts of pomegranate fruit is rich in phenolic compounds and its rind extract and seed oil have vigorous antioxidant activity. Elagic acid is one of the most important phenolic compound with antioxidant activity, present in the pomegranate rind extract. Inhibitory effect of pomegranate seed oil on breast and skin cancer has been reported. Use of seed oil and extracts of different parts of pomegranate fruit has been considered in production of phytostrogenic compounds. At the present time, the fruit of pomegranate besides its use as a fruit and having nutritional value is also considered for its pharmaceutical characteristics. This paper is a review on articles and different sources in order to get more familiarity with medicinal characteristics of this fruit

Evaluation of anti measles IgG prior to mass vaccination in soldiers in Iran

We evaluated the immunity of measles in soldiers in capital city of Iran at 2003. Three hundred sixty soldiers were evaluated for anti measles IgG and question chart were completed with age, education level, history of measles, vaccination, contact with patients, measles in their family and cigarette smoking. ELISA assay of cut-off OD was been done in 5 cc of blood sample. Then this data was been analyzed by SPSS computer program. Present results confirmed that all soldiers were male and mean age was 20.4 +/- 0.89 SD. Level of education was little of college, anti measles IgG antibody was negative in 81 persons [22.5%] of soldiers. Verbally history of vaccination was positive in 264 persons [73.3%]. Considered to these findings that showed the protectivity against measles was incomplete and soldiers were at risk for measles out break, therefore we recommend vaccination for control of measles in soldiers

Common infectious diseases in Turkey need health attention for habitants near borders

Many socioeconomical factors as well as different health indicators could be affected in human health in different geographical variation with different climates and it can be seen in different countries of the world. Turkey is a country that its health situation directly or indirectly can be considered to decrease or increase the quality of health in our country especially for our military forces. The aim of this study was to determine the latest situation geo-pathological of this country in order to find out their health problems. This is a review study that was carried out based on literature reviews as well as collection of health information from Internet and websites of WHO and CDC for Turkey country. In this study more than 300 hours internet works for collection of data and preparation of information were spent. Infectious diseases were determined specially in common border of Turkey and IR Iran. Based on this study, serious health problem and infectious disease such as hepatitis A and E, cutaneous and mucosal leishmaniasis, malaria,diarrhea, measles, tuberculosis, respiratory infection were reported in Turkey. This study shows that different infectious diseases seen in Turkey and their diseases or health could be affecting our national public health aspects and health of military forces. Therefore, it must be considered under observation to prevent any problems for future

Tuberculosis of breast in a woman with history of prolactinoma [a case repot]

Tuberculosis [TB] contains a broad range of clinical illnesses. It is the most frequent cause of death worldwide. TB was a global public health emergency from 1993 for world health organization. The world health organization estimated the eradication of tuberculosis until year of 2000, when detected the drug's for tuberculosis treatment. But in later years AIDS pandemic increased the tuberculosis. Tuberculosis causes most of the time lung complication but also can infect other organs as well. Breast tuberculosis is a very rare infection that can be mistaken with breast cancer.This is a case report of female patient with 25 years age who has prolactinoma from three years ago and has milky and epudative discharge since one year ago. She had medical and surgical drainage. Since there was no response to treatment, biopsy was taken and pathologic evaluation demonstrated the granuloma with caseosis. Patient was treated with antituberculosis drug and there was no recurrent for one year follow up