[Evaluating the validity of chest x-ray in diagnosis of congenital heart diseases and acquired valvular heart diseases]

One of the important diseases in the population is heart disease. Congenital heart disease complicated approximately one percent of all live births. Acute rheumatic fever involve the heart which can be fatal during the acute stage or lead to rheumatic heart disease, a chronic condition due to scarring and deformity of the heart valves. In this research have been investigated about the value of chest-X-Ray in 74 patient in the diagnosis of heart disease in patients of Modarres hospital during year of 1379 and decrypted radiographic appearances of heart disease through enlargement of cardiac chambers, vascularity of lung and final diagnosis of heart disease. Results of this research may be play a role in the planning for diagnosis of heart diseases and answer to this question that is it any role for CXR PA that is a simple and routine investigation for patients. The sensitivity and specificity of conventional radiology in the diagnosis of left to right shunt is 96.15 and 90.47 percent respectively and positively and negative predictive value is 86.2 and 97.43 percent respectively. In left a trial enlargement was 96.96 and 82.35 percent respectively and positive and negative predictive value is 84.2 and 96.55 percent respectively. In left ventricular enlargement was 73.3 and 82.5 percent respectively and positive and negative predictive value is 75.86 and85.5 percent respectively. In right a trial enlargement was 53.3 and 100 percent respectively and positively and positive and negative predictive value is-100 and 8735 percent respectively. In right ventricular enlargement is 86.95 and 72.72 percent respectively and positive and negative. The final diagnosis of heart predictive value is 89.95 and 72.72 percent respectively. Disease with conventional radiology consists of: 28.37 percent true definite diagnosis, 58.1 percent true differential diagnosis and 13.5 percent false diagnosis

Evaluation of incidental findings in brain CT scans of mild head trauma patients [GCS: thirteen to fifteen]

To determine the prevalence of incidental findings on brain CT scan in mild head trauma patients. From November 2005 to April 2006, we evaluated 732 CT Scans of cases with mild head trauma [Glasgow Coma Scale Score of thirteen, fourteen, and fifteen], whom referred to our university affiliated hospital. In this study, we evaluated incidental findings on brain CT of our patients, as well as size of the cistern magna. Five hundred [68.3%] of our patients were male and 232 [31.7%] were female. The mean age of our cases were 27.4 +/- 19.2 [one month to 89 years old].Incidental findings were found on 22 cases [3.1%].Among these, there were five tumors [0.7%], eight arachnoids cysts [1.1%], and five bones lesions [0.7%]. Large cisterna magna [>10 cm3] was seen in four cases. Incidental findings in males were seen in ten cases [45%] and in females were seen in 12 cases [55%] [P=0.019]. The mean age of cases with incidental findings were 37.2 +/- 20.6 years and in cases without incidental findings were 27.1 +/- 19.1 years [P=0.011]. In this study we found that arachnoid cyst was the most common incidental finding, and brain tumor and bone lesions were next common ones

Prevalence of incidental thyroid nodules diagnosed by ultrasound in an Iranian population

Since Iran is an endemic region for iodine deficiency, we conducted this study to determine the prevalence of incidental thyroid nodules in our university-affiliated hospitals. Four hundred and ten consecutive patients who attended our center for color Doppler ultrasound of carotid or other sites of the neck-other than the thyroid gland-from September 2005 to May 2006 were included in this study. All patients underwent dedicated thyroid ultrasound for detection of thyroid nodules. We found one or more nodules in 210 [51.2%] of our patients. The mean [ +/- SD] age of patients with incidental thyroid nodules was 62.9 +/- B.1 [range: 14-100] years. The nodules were unilateral in 56.5% and bilateral in 43.5% of the patients. Incidental thyroid nodules were detected in 46.9% of men and 58.8% of women [P=0.017]. Among our patients, 61% had only one nodule. The mean [ +/- SD] largest diameter of nodules among those with only one nodule was 10.6 7.9 mm while it was 14.2 11 mm among those with more than one nodule [P=0.03]. The prevalence of thyroid incidentalomas in the population we studied was higher than many other studies. This may be due to iodine deficiency in our country

Computed tomography findings in patients with mild head trauma

To determine the frequency of computed tomography [CT] findings in patients with mild head trauma. In this cross-sectional study conducted between September 2005 and April 2006, 708 patients with mild head trauma as defined by a Glasgow Coma Score [GCS] of 13-15, were underwent standard clinical examination and cranial CT. The mean +/- SD age of our patients was 26.8 +/- 19.03 years [range: 1 month to 89 years]. 489 [68.9%] patients were male and 219 [30.8%] were female. GSC was 13 in 1%, 14 in 4.6% and 15 in 94.4% of patients. The most common mechanism of trauma was car accident and falling down, each of which happened for 132 patients [18.6%].The most common findings on CT were subgaleal hematomas in 213[30%] and intracranial lesions were seen in 41 patients[5.8%] ;among them 37 were male. Among intracranial lesions, the most common finding was epidural hematoma in 18 patients followed by hemorrhagic contusion in 13 patients. Intracranial lesions were observed in 28.6% of patients with GCS of 13; in 15.2% with GCS of 14 and in 5.1% with GCS of 15 [P=0.002]. Many of patients with GCS equal to 15 after head trauma have considerable intracranial lesions and minor focal neurologic signs revealed by careful physical examination could be a good marker of these lesions