[Clinical evaluation of mucoadhesive film on gingiva among healthy volunteers]

The term bioadhesion refers to the attachment of a natural or systhetic polymer to a biological substrate: when this substrate is mucus, mucodhesion is the term used. The aim of this study was formulation and clinical evaluation of the first mucoadhesive film in Iran. In this clinical trial four mucoadhesive films [A, B, C, D] were formulated based on theoretical knowledge of adhesive polymers and physical properties of a mucoadhesive layer. For this, Hydroxy Propyle Metyle Cellulose [HPMC] polyvinyl povolidion [PVP] and carbapol [C], were used as adhesive layer and nitrocellulose [NC] and Ethylcellulose [EC] were used as hydrophobe layer. Films were assessed in a double-blind clinical trial study among 20 healthy volunteers on attached gingiva of maxillary canine. Maximum duration of attachment of films and effects of related factors were evaluated. Data were analysed using SPSS and by chi-square, t-test and repeated measurements. There was a significant difference among four films according to mean duration of adhesion [P<0.001] so as film A showed maximum adhesion time [13 hours] and film D showed minimum adhesion time [5.15 hours]. Mucosal compatibility of the adhesive films was good and eating and drinking had no effects on seperation of films from gingiva. It seems that film A is appropriate for mucosal adhesion. Further studies with different dimensions on this film are needed prior to its use as a mucoadhesive film in oral mucosa

[Comparsion of primary enamel discoloration caused by the use of three different iron drops [An in vitro study]]

Iron deficiency anemia is the most common health problem in childhood. One way to meet this important need in the body is to add iron supplement in our diet. This supplement is known as Ferrous sulfate in Iran. Teeth blackness in children especially after taking Iron drops and the parent`s dissatisfaction is one of the most important reasons for visiting a dentist. Generally, parents have an idea that taking iron drops by the children is the cause of tooth decay, therefore they limit this vital supplement in their children`s diet. The aim of this study was to compare of primary enamel discoloration caused by the use of three different iron drops. Quantitative stage: In this first stage of the study, 60 anterior primary teeth were selected and the necessary preparation were made. The level of iron absorption in etch group and the intact one were determined by Atomic absorbtion in 248.3 nonometers long wave and resolution of 0.062ppm. Qualitative stage: In this stage, 7 teeth were put under scan electron microscope [SEM] after the primary preparation. There was no significant difference in the iron absorption on the healthy teeth, between foreign iron drop and the one produced by Mashhad school of pharmacy. But the level of absorption in Iranian Iron drop was significantly higher [P=0.01]. The absorption in etched teeth increased which might have been due to increased surface- [P=0.0001]. There was no significant difference between experimental drops in the etched teeth. Iron drops that produced by Mashhad school of pharmacy had less discoloration on the primary enamel teeth. The more increased surface because of etching, the more change in color was observed and this was most prominent in Iranian iron drop. Color discoloration increased with frequency of iron drop intake