[Relationship between nursing burnout, physical environment and professional equipments]

Burnout is a syndrome that emerges by mental fatigue and loss of competency. Inappropriate physical Environment and Professional Equipment may cause Burnout in nursing. Therefore this study accomplished by object of detemination of relationship between Burnout and physical Environment and professional equipments. This is a descriptive -analytical corrolational study. The environment of study was medical sciences hospitals and samples were nursing emploees in 1383-84. The research tools were two questionnair including Maslach Burnout Inventory [MBI] consisted of three parts including: Emotional exhaustion, dpersonalization and personal achievement. The next, was physical Environment and Professional Equipments questionnair. Total participants were 272 nurses that 43.8% of them had high level of emotional exhaustion, also there were a significant relationship between emotional exhaustion, dpersonalization and physical environment [p

[ effect of music on anxiety level of patients and some of physiological responses before abdominal surgery]

Surgery is an important stressor which makes some harmful physiological reactions such as high blood pressure, tachycardia, and respiratory distress. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of music on the anxiety and some of physiological responses of patients before abdominal surgery, as assessed by objective parameters and a subjective validated questionnaire. This study is a semiexperimental study. Total of 134 subjects was randomly assigned to undergo either 20 minutes of music intervention or a rest period. The level of anxiety was measured using Spilberger questionnaire and physiological responses, arterial blood presure, heart rate and respiratory rate. Subjects in intervention group listened to 20 minutes music by Johann Sebastian Bach. The control group listened to no music. The anxiety level and physiological responses were measured before and after intervention. There was no significant difference between the anxiety level and physiological responses in two groups of subjects before intervention. The findings indicate a significant statistical difference in the level of anxiety and mean of arterial blood pressure in the intervention group [P<0.05]. There was no significant difference in heart and respiratory rate in two groups of subjects. As indicated by the results of this study, music can provide an effective method of reducing potentially harmful physiological responses arising from abdominal surgery, therefore it is suggested to use it before surgery