ABSTRACT
Despite the importance of cultural competence in health care, there has been no research to develop a framework for cultural competence in the Iranian context. This qualitative study at Mashhad University of Medical Sciences aimed to elucidate the views of medical faculty staff on the components of cross-cultural competence and compare these with similar studies published in English. Using a combination of archival studies, semi-structured interviews and focus group discussions among faculty members 3 major domains [knowledge, attitude and behaviour] and 21 components were identified to describe the cross-cultural competence of faculty members in medical schools. Participants expressed the importance of knowledge as a precursor to changing attitudes and the 6 knowledge components related to knowledge and awareness of values, beliefs and norms of different ethnic, racial and cultural groups. Experts mostly emphasized the importance of interaction between faculty members and clients [students and patients]
Subject(s)
Adult , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Cultural Competency , Surveys and Questionnaires , StudentsABSTRACT
Despite the importance of cultural competence in health care, there has been no research to develop a framework for cultural competence in the Iranian context. This qualitative study at Mashhad University of Medical Sciences aimed to elucidate the views of medical faculty staff on the components of cross-cultural competence and compare these with similar studies published in English. Using a combination of archival studies, semi-structured interviews and focus group discussions among faculty members 3 major domains [knowledge, attitude and behaviour] and 21 components were identified to describe the cross-cultural competence of faculty members in medical schools. Participants expressed the importance of knowledge as a precursor to changing attitudes and the 6 knowledge components related to knowledge and awareness of values, beliefs and norms of different ethnic, racial and cultural groups. Experts mostly emphasized the importance of interaction between faculty members and clients [students and patients]
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Faculty, Medical , Knowledge , Attitude , BehaviorABSTRACT
Examining the training competency of the health care workers in training their clients and patients can lead to identification of the training problems, improving training qualities, and promoting the health of society as a whole. The current study which was conducted in the city of Mashhad aimed to determine the training competency of the urban health care workers in training the clients referring to these centers. In this cross sectional-descriptive study, 250 health care workers at Mashhad s' urban health care centers were enrolled in the study using probability sampling. Data collection instrument was a researcher-made questionnaire consisting of two parts; demographic data and training competency status. Data were analyzed using SPSSv.16 software and descriptive statistical tests [Frequency and cumulative frequency] and analytical tests [Spearman, correlative tests, Independent t-test, one way variance analysis]. Significant level of difference was considered for measuring difference between demographic and training competency [P<0.05]. The results of the study indicated that the training competency of 159 workers [5.63%] in health care centers were good and acceptable, and there was a significant difference between training competency of workers and individual differences such as work experience, age, educational degree, employment status, and job satisfaction of health workers. There were also significant differences between courses taken by the health workers to promote their educational level and educational workshops based on promoting educational skills and training competency [P<0.05]. Although the training competency of health workers were very good, competency in areas such as training skills, development, performance, and professional responsibility were not satisfactory. Results of the current study provided appropriate data about training competency of the workers for managers of health care centers. Since the status of training competency of the workers can be assessed by managers and clients, it is suggested that for gaining more comprehensive information, training competency of the health workers be examined from the managers and clients point of view
Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Male , Delivery of Health Care , Cross-Sectional Studies , Patient Education as TopicABSTRACT
Background and Purpose: Diabetes mellitus is the most common endocrine disease in children. Achieving selfmanagement of the child and her family is one of the important goals nursing these patients. The present research was conducted to examine the effect of problem solving education on the self-management and HbA1C in adolescents with type 1 diabetes
Methods and Materials: In this experimental study, adolescents 10-19 years old with type 1 diabetes for at least on year, were allocated randomly into two control and problem-solving education groups. The intervention group received 6 sessions of problem-solving process education; the family function of caregivers, self-management and HbA1C of adolescents with type 1 Diabetes before and 3 months after the intervention were evaluated. Data analysis was done using independent and paired t-test, Mann-Whitney U and Wilcoxon tests
Results: Problem-solving education increased self-management in adolescents by 76.57% in terms of public health, 49.11% regimen therapy, 112.20% social presence and 75% in terms of overall self-management [p<0.001]. Problem solving education also decreased HbA1C by 0.62 on average. There was a significant negative correlation between frequency of insulin injections per day and HbA1c levels [p<0.0001]
Conclusion: Problem-solving education is remarkably effective in promoting the self-management in adolescents with type 1 diabetes