use of [ELISA] for diagnosis and epidemiology of brucella infection in some farm animals in Assiut governorate

The prevalence of brucella infection among different species of farm animals in Assiut Governorate was estimated by using Rose Bengal plate test [RBPT], Buffered acidified plate antigen test [BAPAT], Tube agglutination test [TAT], Rivanol test [Riv. T.] and Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay [ELISA]. A total number of 197 cattle blood samples were examined serologically. Brucellosis incidence all over Assiut Governorate was 3.6%. On the other hand, slaughter houses revealed the highest infection rate [7.1%] followed by private flocks [1.6%]. While governmental farms did not record any infection rates in this study. A significant correlation between sexually mature animals and the rate of infection was observed. The incidence of brucellosis among cattle was varied according to sex from 0.00% in males to 6% in females. Seroprevalence of brucella infection among 129 sheep blood samples was 11.6% all over the governorate. A highest attack rate [50%] was observed among the age group 2.3-2.6 years. The incidence of brucella infection was 12.2% in ewes while no positive cases were recorded in rams. The serological examination of 32 buffaloes' sera did not detect any positive reactors. The role of these animals in transmitting infection to humans was discussed. The public health hazard from detecting brucella antibodies in 7.3% of the composite milk from 41 dairy cows was also clarified

use of ELISA for diagnosis and epidemiology of brucella infection in humans in Assiut governorate

The prevalence of brucella infection among hyumans in Assiut Governorate was stimated busing Rose Bengal plate test [TAT], and Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay [ELISA]. The seroprevalence of brucellosis among humans in Assiut Governorate was 32.3%. Subjects professionally exposed to livestock including farmers [40.3%] and veterinarians [18.2%] represent a high risk group for brucella infection. The positive butcher case recorded in our study reflects the possibility of abattoir workers to attain the infection. Infections of the occupational groups including students [44.4%], children [40%], manual workers [14.3%] and others [66.7%] explain the role of consumption of raw milk and milk products as well as inadequately cooked meat, liver and spleen in spreading of that zoonosis among humans. A higher brucella prevalence was recorded in men [36.6%] than in women [26.8%]. Also, the rural population shows a higher infection rate [38.7%] than the urban one [14.7%] and this may be attributed to the local dietary customs and habits. Intensification of the infection [40%] among the age group less than 16 years gives a spot light on the serious role of raw milk and milk products in the epidemiology of brucellosis among humans in Assiut Governorate