Removal of hydrogen sulfide by zinc oxide nanoparticles in drilling fluid

Hydrogen sulfide is a very dangerous, toxic and corrosive gas. It can diffuse into drilling fluid from formations during drilling of gas and oil wells. Hydrogen sulfide should be removed from this fluid to reduce the environmental pollution, protect the health of drilling workers and prevent corrosion of pipelines and equipments. In this research nano zinc oxide with 14-25 nm particle size and 44-56 m2/g specific surface area was synthesized by spray pyrolysis method. The synthesized nanoparticles were used to remove hydrogen sulfide from water based drilling fluid. The efficiency of these nanoparticles in the removal of hydrogen sulfide from drilling mud were evaluated and compared with that of bulk zinc oxide. The obtained results show that synthesized zinc oxide nanoparticles are completely able to remove hydrogen sulfide from water based drilling mud in just 15 min., whereas bulk zinc oxide is able to remove 2.5% of hydrogen sulfide in as long as 90 min. under the same operating conditions

study on diagnostic value of fine needle aspiration [FNA] test in determination of malignant thyroid nodules based on pathologic findings

thyroid nodules are very common and of course the most important point to approach thyroid nodules is to find out whether the nodule is benign or malignant. biopsy is the most definite way to differentiate malignant nodules from benign ones and this is at least, equal with a labectomy. FNA is a method which was first introduced in 1930 and led to a decrease in the number of thyroidectomy nowadays this is the best way to approach the thyroid nodules this study was performed on 100 cases of thyroidectomy to find out the sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of FNA in diagnosis of malignant thyroid nodules. candidates for thyroidectomy who referred to mofateh clinic in yasuj were evaluated by FNA and also open biopsy. FNA results showed 78% +/- 15% sensitivity, 91% +/- 13% specificity and 89% +/- 13% accuracy. positive predictive value of FNA was 75% +/- 35% and negative predictive value was found to be 93% +/- 20% considering the results of this study, FNA can be used instead of biopsy in approach to thyroid nodules and this will help to prevent unnecessary operations and high dose of radiation to neck

Life expectancy and longevity in men and women in rural areas in Kohgyloyeh and BoyerAhmad Province in year 1382

Life expectancy at birth and longevity are important indices and represent social, economical, cultural and hygienic status of every society. This index can be used in evaluating any planning. WHO uses this index along with indexes of annual income, per capita income and literacy rate of women to estimate human development index which is one of the most important indices in estimation of todays communities. Estimation of the above index in Kohgiloyeh and Boyer Ahmad province and comparing it with nearby provinces or countries could show future horizon of this province compared to other regions. These data are essential for evaluating the implemented programs, knowing the position of province and future planning. Having the population size and the dead number in different age groups in each year, life expectancy was estimated.Collected and registerd data with an acceptable precision for rural regions were used for estimation of life expectancy in Kohgiloyeh and Boyer Ahmad province and it's townships. Life expectancy for men in rural area of the province was 70.8 years and the highest rate belonged to Kohgiloye and Boyer Ahmad townships, with 72.4 years and the lowest rate belonged to Gachsaran with 69.2 years. Also life expectancy of women in the rural areas of the province was estimated to be 73.8 years and the highest rate belonged to Gachsaran with 75.5 years and the lowest rate belonged to Boyer Ahmad township with 72.9 years. Comparing the results of this study with previous estimates of the region and latest estimates of the life expantacy in the country, a slight increase in life expectancy of the province was noted. This decrease has been more in female than male. Also difference in life expectancy in urban and rural areas is about seven years which calls for immediate attention to the rural regions of the province