Intraperitoneal co-administration of low dose urethane with xylazine and ketamine for extended duration of surgical anesthesia in rats / 한국실험동물학회지

Procedures involving complex surgical techniques in rats, such as placement of abdominal aortic graft require extended duration of surgical anesthesia, which often can be achieved by repeated administrations of xylazine-ketamine combination. However such repeated anesthetic administration, in addition to being technically challenging, may be associated with potential adverse events due to cumulative effects of anesthesia. We report here the feasibility of using urethane at low dose (~1/10 the recommended anesthetic dose) in combination with a xylazine-ketamine mix to achieve an extended duration of surgical anesthesia in rats. The anesthesia induction phase was quick and smooth with an optimal phase of surgical anesthesia achieved for up to 90 minutes, which was significantly higher compared to that achieved with use of only xylazine-ketamine combination. The rectal temperature, heart rate and respiratory rate were within the physiological range with an uneventful recovery phase. Post surgery the rats were followed up to 3 months without any evidence of tumor or any other adverse effects related to the use of the urethane anesthetic combination. We conclude that low dose urethane can be effectively used in combination with xylazine and ketamine to achieve extended duration of surgical anesthesia up to 90 minutes in rats.

Successful treatment of inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor by surgical resection and radiotherapy: a case report

Inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor [IMT] is a tumor composed of myofibroblasts and a mixed inflammatory infiltrate that rarely undergoes malignant transformation. The most common sites of involvement include the lung, liver and orbit, but it has been reported to occur in nearly every site of the body, including oral cavity and soft tissue. Although common in other sites, such a tumor in rarer location including inguinal region is likely to be missed/misdiagnosed and hence need to be reported. We present an unusual case of a 50 year old male with bilateral inguinal swelling attended our institute few days back with history of local excision twice, but still showing recurrence. He was treated by wide local excision with bilateral orchiectomy this time. Histopathological report revealed inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor with malignant transformation. Adjuvant radiotherapy was also given and patient taken in followup. At one year of serial follow-ups, the patient is disease-free both clinically and on investigations, indicating successful combined surgery and radiotherapy in the treatment of malignant IMT. IMT of the inguinal region is very rare. Its clinical presentation may resemble malignant tumor, so IMT should be kept as differential diagnosis. The recommended treatment is complete surgical resection with adjuvant corticosteroid. Adjuvant radiotherapy may be considered depending upon the location of the tumor